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The Significance of Water: Properties and Importance to Living Things

Explore the essential properties of water that make it crucial for living organisms. Discover how water's polarity, cohesion, adhesion, and other unique properties impact life and ecosystems. Delve into the roles of water as a universal solvent, in evaporative cooling, and expansion during freezing. Learn about acids, bases, the pH scale, and the vital function of buffers in maintaining homeostasis within living systems.

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The Significance of Water: Properties and Importance to Living Things

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  1. I.N. 22 LIVING THINGS: Properties of Water And Acids/Bases Headings Vocabulary Important Words

  2. Living Things Use & Need Energy a.) Energy comes from food, used to maintain body b.) AUTOTROPH: produce own food c.) HETEROTROPH: must consume food d.) DECOMPOSER:breaks down dead material for food

  3. Living things respond to their surrounding a.) Rxn to a stimulus b.) Action causes a rxn c.) Rxn is called a:Response d.) Involves one individual

  4. Question: Describe the properties of water that make it important to living things. Water is Polar: • It has an unevendistribution of electrons between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms • One side is positive • Other is negative

  5. Water is cohesive • Cohesion: • attraction B/T same molecules • causes molecules to draw inward at surface • Ex: Some insects & spiders can “walk” on the surface of H2O Water is adhesive • Adhesion: • attraction between different mol. • causes H20 to bend at surface • Ex: capillary action-pulls column of water up to the top of a plant Water Properties:

  6. Water is called “Universal solvent”: dissolves many other substances due to polarity • Differences in charges pulls/pushes substances apart • Water exhibits evaporative cooling: removes heat when it evaporates from a surface • Ex: sweating cools skin • Water expands during freezing: expands into crystal formation releasing heat • Ex: rocks broken up by ice creating soil; ice layer protects fruit from freezing

  7. Acids, Bases and the pH scale • The pH scale measures the concentration of H+ ions (how acidic something is) • Ranges from 0-14 • At 7: H+ ions and OH- ions are equal so it is neutral • 0-7:Acidic, has more H+ ions • 7-14:Basic, has more OH- ions

  8. ACIDS:release H+ when mixed with water • Sour, corrosive • Ex: HCl, H2SO4 • Always have H at front of formula BASES:release OH- when mixed with water • Bitter, slippery, usually in cleaners • NaOH, CaOH • Always have OH at end of formula

  9. What is a buffer? • Buffers are weak acids or bases that react w/strong acids and bases • prevent sharp changes in pH • Helps to neutralize pH • Helps control pH in blood, digestive tract, etc. = maintain Homeostasis

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