Enzymes I.N. Headings Vocabulary Important Words

1. Enzymes I.N. Headings Vocabulary Important Words

2. Chemical reactions: • Change from one set of chemicals to another set of chemicals • Involves the breaking of bonds & the formation of new bonds Activation energy: • Energy needed to get a reaction started

3. An enzyme is a special type of proteincalled a catalyst • Catalyst: substance that speeds up rxn b/c it lowers the activation energy (AE) • cells use enzymes to speed up reactions • Very specific: usually only catalyzes one item called the SUBSTRATE

4. Enzyme comes in contact with substrate at certain spot called ACTIVE SITE • Fits together like a “lock & key” • Bonding at active site weakens the bonds in the substrate • Makes it easier to change substrate

5. Used for digestion, photosynthesis, & DNAreproduction • Regulated by: • changes in Ph • temperature • other proteins, and chemicals

6. Enzymes are a form of ___. a. carbohydrate b. lipid c. protein • Enzymes can speed up a reaction, so they are called ___. a. catalysts b. reactants c. inhibitors • The area where the enzyme attaches to the substrate is called the ___. a. active site b. cohesion area c. vectors 4. If the enzyme is heated, it will change shape. This ___ not affect the ability of the enzyme to work. a. will b. will not • Enzymes work because they lower the ___. a. chemical reactant rate b. active site location c. activation energy