1 / 58

1. Introduction to CAD

ME 521 Computer Aided Design. 1. Introduction to CAD. Dr. Ahmet Zafer Şenalp e-mail: azsenalp@gyte.edu.tr Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü. 1. Introduction to CAD. Basic Definitions. CAD: Computer Aided Design

deanna
Download Presentation

1. Introduction to CAD

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ME 521 ComputerAidedDesign 1. Introductionto CAD Dr. Ahmet Zafer Şenalpe-mail: azsenalp@gyte.edu.tr Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü

  2. 1. Introductionto CAD BasicDefinitions CAD: ComputerAidedDesign is the use of computertechnology for the process of design and design-documentation. CAM: ComputerAidedManufacturing Production operations planning, management and control, directly or indirectly brought face to face with the computer systems technology CAE: ComputerAidedEngineering CAD geometry is analyzed using computer systems, by giving designers the opportunity to work on product design and simulation toimproveand optimize thedesign. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  3. 1. Introductionto CAD BasicDefinitions • An Essential Tool for Mech. Design and Drafting – More than one million mechanical engineers and designers worldwide use advanced 3-D solid modeling technology – Another two million use 2-D mechanical drafting • A Key for Improved Productivity – Entire automobiles, airplanes, and jet engines are beingdesigned in an integrated (CAD/CAE/CAM) manner. – Internet is being used to exchange design data worldwide. – Products that previously took several years to bring tomarket can be developed in just months. – The products are more reliable, meet customer expectationsbetter, and are less costly to manufacture. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  4. 1. Introductionto CAD Broad Applications • MechanicalDesignandVisualization – Detailed Design and Electronic Drafting – ParametricModeling • MotionSimulation/Animation • EngineeringAnalysisandOptimization – Pre- and Post- Graphical Processors for Finite Element Analysis (Mechanics, Dynamics, Thermo-flow, etc.) – Identification of Optimal Design Parameters and Configurations – Motion Analysis (Location, Speed, Acceleration and Force) • ManufacturingPlanning of Simulation – Machining – IndustrialRobots GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  5. 1. Introductionto CAD TechnologyAdvance of CAD (1/2) In 1960's • mechanism design satisfying several geometric constraints • designparameteroptimization • simple 2-D graphics In 1970's • wireframemodeling • free-form surface modeling – mainframe computers Late 1970's • solidmodeling Early 1980's • turn-key CAD systems • CAD/CAM integration • mechanical feature recognition from a CAD database GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  6. 1. Introductionto CAD TechnologyAdvance of CAD (2/2) Middle 1980's • feature-based CAD system – mini and micro computers • parametric design – PC's & Turnkey systems (Pro/ENGINEER Products) Late 1980's • designformanufacturing • designforautomatedassembly Early 1990's • concurrentengineeringdesign • integrated design, analysis and optimization Present • integrated design, analysis and optimization • virtual-prototyping and automated design optimization • Internet baseddesignautomation GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  7. 1. Introductionto CAD Unique Characteristics of A CAD System • Combining the precision of electronic graphics and the mathematical processing power of a digital computer • Design automation and integration of analysis, animation/simulation, planningandmanufacturing • Optimization GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  8. 1. Introductionto CAD Functions of CAD Systems The Primary Capability – Generating Perfect ScaleDrawings – accurate scale line drawings in 2D and 3D – model of sculpturedsurfaces – solid model of objects This capability sets CAD apart from other uses ofComputer • ManyDiverseCapabilities – artistic creation of shaded 3D shapes and patterns – automatic generation of design databases – facilitatingengineeringanalysis – providing input to, monitoring, simulating and controllingmanufacturingactivities. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  9. 1. Introductionto CAD Functions of Computer-AidedGeometryDesign – (a) Specification of DesignGeometry • Computer-aided drafting (interactive graphics and user interface) • Customizing CAD systems GeometricModelingandRepresentation • Computer model of part and assembly design (data structure and data basedesign) Visualization • Architecture view of a design • Computer games and education programs Generation of Manufacturing Oriented Database • Feature-baseddesign • Parametricdesign AnimationandSimulation • Mechanism • CNC machining • Robot trajectory • Automobilecrash GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  10. 1. Introductionto CAD Functions of Computer-AidedGeometryDesign – (b) Tolerance Representation and Automated Tolerancing • Dimensionrelationanalysis • Toleranceanalysis (errorstack-up) • Tolerancesynthesis (tolerancedesign, tolerancespecification) Pre- and Post-interfaces to Finite Element Analysis Programs • Automated mesh generation • Graphical display of stress distribution DesignAutomation • Designoptimization • Designformanufacturing • Designforautomatedassembly • Concurrentengineeringdesign Virtual (orSoft) Prototyping ReverseEngineering GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  11. 1. Introductionto CAD Information Embedded in a CAD System • GraphicalInformation – Partgeometry – Topologicalandassemblyrelations • TextualInformation – Dimensions – Tolerances (dimensional & geometric) – Materials – Surfacefinishes GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  12. 1. Introductionto CAD Data Organization in CAD Systems • PastApproach The geographical information is represented using lowlevel graphical elements such as points, lines, arcs, etc. The textual information is represented as texts, notes andsymbols attached to a drawing. • Ideal/PresentApproach – feature-basedmodeling To represent part geometry using high-level featureprimitivessuch as holes, slots, pockets, etc. (consistenttothe engineering practice), and to represent dimensions,tolerances, surfacefinishes, etc. as meaningfuldesignentities. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  13. 1. Introductionto CAD Tools Commonly Used in Computer Aided Design • Representinggeometricshape – Computergraphics (2D) – Geometricmodeling (3D) • InteractiveGraphicalProgramming – Programming on differentplatforms – GraphicalUserInterface • Manipulating and storing design data – Data structuredesign – Databasesystem • Generatingfeasibledesigns (automatically) – Knowledgereasoning – Knowledge-basedsystem – Fuzzylogic – Artificialneuralnetworks • Evaluating design alternatives and identifying the optimal solution – numericaloptimization – finiteelementsmethod – costmodelingandanalysis GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  14. 1. Introductionto CAD Applications in MechanicalDesigns GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  15. 1. Introductionto CAD Sculptured Surface Design and Modeling GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  16. 1. Introductionto CAD Visual Reality in Architectural Design GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  17. 1. Introductionto CAD MotionAnimationandSimulation (Tractors) GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  18. 1. Introductionto CAD LargerAssemblies CNC assembly, 4,000 components total GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  19. 1. Introductionto CAD Applications in StressAnalysis GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  20. 1. Introductionto CAD The Evolution of CAD • 2D draftingreplaced manual drafting • 3D wireframe modelling • 3D surface modelling • 3D solid modelling GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  21. 1. Introductionto CAD 2D CAD • Drawing tools • Line types • Hatching • Dimensioning • Etc. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  22. 1. Introductionto CAD Limitations of 2D CAD • Simply automates manual drafting • Still no 3D representation of the object GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  23. 1. Introductionto CAD 3D Modelling • Geometry must be located relative to a 3D coordinate system • CAD systems use a global coordinate system and local coordinate systems • Various methods available for inputting geometry • work planes • direct keyboard entry • snap to existing entities • etc. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  24. 1. Introductionto CAD Wireframe Modelling • Geometric entities are lines and curves in 3D • Volume or surfaces of object not defined • Easy to store and display • Hard to interpret - ambiguous GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  25. 1. Introductionto CAD Wireframe Modelling Hard to interpret - ambiguous GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  26. 1. Introductionto CAD Hidden-Line Wireframe GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  27. 1. Introductionto CAD Surface Modelling • Models 2D surfaces in 3D space • All points on surface are defined • useful for machining, visualization, etc. • Surfaces have no thickness, objects have no volume or solid properties • Surfaces may be open GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  28. 1. Introductionto CAD Surface Modelling GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  29. 1. Introductionto CAD Solid Modelling • Complete and unambiguous • Models have volume, and mass properties GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  30. 1. Introductionto CAD Designing in 2D • 3D object is represented by 2D views • The user must make sure views are consistent and valid • The user must generate views from 3D object, and visualize object from views • Spatial visualization has been a key skill for engineers! • These skills have been taught for generations as engineering graphics GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  31. 1. Introductionto CAD Designing in 3D • New CAD systems allow the designer to work directly in 3D • The model can be viewed and manipulated easily and naturally • When the design is complete, 2D drawings and views can be generated automatically GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  32. 1. Introductionto CAD WorkspaceandSequenceSimulation Ergonomicsandaccessibility test GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  33. 1. Introductionto CAD Integrated CAD/CAE/CAM Systems Professional CAD/CAE/CAM Tools – CATIA (DassaultSystemes - IBM) – Unigraphics Solutions (Electronic Data Systems Corp - EDS) – I-DEAS (EDS) – Pro/ENGINEER (PTC) • Other CAD and Graphics Packages – AutoCADMechanicalDesktop – SolidWorks (CATIA) – SolidEdge (EDS) – MicroStation – Intergraph GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  34. 1. Introductionto CAD Pro/ENGINEER • One of the CAD/CAM/CAE industry’s leading suppliers ofsoftware tools from Parametric Technology Corp. (PTC) • A pioneer of the new feature-based, parametrically drivendesign paradigm in late 1980s, now industrial standard. • A system used to automate the development of a mechanicalproduct from its conceptual design through production. • Offering integrated software technologies to reduce time tomarket, improve engineering process, and optimize productquality. • One of the fastest growing companies in the mechanicaldesignautomation market • Improved user’s interface in recent release. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  35. 1. Introductionto CAD Pro/ENGINEER GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  36. 1. Introductionto CAD Pro/ENGINEER GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  37. 1. Introductionto CAD Pro/ENGINEER GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  38. 1. Introductionto CAD CATIA • A process-centric CAD/CAM software solution marketedexclusively by IBM and developed by Dassault Systems • A system used to design and manufacture many complex3D products. Today, 7 out of every 10 airplanes and 4 outof every 10 cars are designed using CATIA-CADAMSolutions, making it the de facto standard for thesemarkets. • A software of choice for a wide variety of applicationsranging from consumer goods and machinery to plantdesignandshipbuilding. • 300,000 CATIA users worldwide, nearly half in Englishlanguagemarkets GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  39. 1. Introductionto CAD CATIA GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  40. 1. Introductionto CAD I-DEAS • A full spectrum design modeling, analysis, simulation, andmanufacturing CAD/CAE/CAM software from Structural Dynamics ResearchCorporation (SDRC) • One of the older and well-established CAD/CAE system,having a significant market share. • Having very strong CAE capabilities • A software of choice for a wide variety of applicationsranging from consumer goods and machinery toautomotive (Ford Motor Company) GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  41. 1. Introductionto CAD I-DEAS GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  42. 1. Introductionto CAD Unigraphics • A full spectrum design modeling, analysis, simulation,and manufacturing CAD/CAE/CAM software from Unigraphics Solutions • One of the older and well-established CAD/CAE system. • A software of choice for a wide variety of applications,especially in automotive and aerospace product development. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  43. 1. Introductionto CAD SolidEdge • Powerfulmodelingtools • Integrateddesignmanagement • Productivityforlargeassemblies • Ease of adoption • Model faster • Eliminate errors with engineering aids • Draftingtools • Unmatchedinteroperability • Design-through-manufacturing GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  44. 1. Introductionto CAD AutoCADandMechanicalDesktop • A world’s leading PC-based 3D mechanical designpackage, fromAutoDeskInc. • Used to be the primary PC drafting package (dealer, PC) • The world’s most popular CAD software due to its lowercostand PC platform • New features (MechanicalDesktop): – ACIS 3.0 Advanced Solid Modeling Engine – NURBS SurfaceModeling – Robust Assembly Modeling and Automated AssociativeDrafting • Flexible programming tools, AutoLISP, ADS and ARX GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  45. 1. Introductionto CAD SolidWorks • 3D Computer-aided Mechanical Design softwarefrom SolidWorks Corp. founded in 1993 and acquiredbe Dassault System in 1997. • A leader of the group of new lower-priced mechanicaldesign solution companies based upon component software. • A system used for designing and engineering partsand assemblies in a completed 3D-centric processlinked to automated assembly and drafting functions. • The first solid modeling program to run in nativeWindowsenvironments, and sells for a fraction of thecost of similarprograms GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  46. 1. Introductionto CAD SolidWorks - COSMOS SolidWorks - a design automation software package used to produceparts, assembliesanddrawings Package fully embedded within SolidWorks software • COSMOSXpress - an easy-to-use stress analysis tool • COSMOSWorks - stress, frequency, buckling, thermal, and 4optimization analyses • COSMOSMotion - motion simulation and kinematics. • COSMOSFloWorks - fluid flow analysis with robust capabilitiesnormally found in high-end CFD programs. • COSMOSEMS - 3D-field simulator for low frequencyelectromagneticandelectromechanicalapplications • COSMOSDesignSTAR™ is a powerful design analysis programthat works with most popular CAD programs. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  47. 1. Introductionto CAD Integrated CAD/CAE Tools • ANSYS (from ANSYS Inc.) – A growth leader in CAE and integrated design analysis andoptimization (DAO) software – Covering solid mechanics, kinematics, dynamics, and multi-physics (CFD, EMAG, HT, Acoustics) – Interfacing with key CAD systems • NASTRAN (fromMacNeal-Schwendler) – A powerful structural analysis program for analyzing stress,vibration, dynamic, nonlinear and heat transfer characteristics. – PATRAN provides an openflexible MCAE environmentformultidisciplinary design analysis, and simulates product performanceandmanufacturingprocesses. • Pro/MECHANICA (integratedwithPro/E) A system provides an open flexible MCAE environment for multidisciplinary design analysis, and simulate product performance andmanufacturingprocesses. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  48. 1. Introductionto CAD Integrated CAD/CAE Tools • Mastercam (from CNC Software, Inc.) – A system for generating 2- through 5- axis milling, turning,wire EDM, lasers, mold base development and 3D designanddrafting. • Virtual Gibbs (from Gibbs and Associates) – A powerful, full featured CAM system for NC programming • Varimetrix (fromVarimetrixCorp.) – A system with design modeling, CAM (planning, resourcemanagement and CNC programming), and drafting • Pro/MANUFACTURING (integratedwithPro/E) – A system for generating machine code (CNC codes for 3axis milling, turning and wire EDM) to produce parts. GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  49. 1. Introductionto CAD Integrated CAD/CAE Tools • SURFCAM (from Surfware Inc. CA) – An outgrowth of the Diehl family’smachineshop – A systemforgenerating 2~5- axismilling, turning, drilling, and wire EDM. – Toolpathverification (MachineWorks Ltd.) • Rhinoceros (NURBS modeling) – Industrial, marine, and jewelry designs;cad/cam; rapid prototyping; and reverseengineering GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

  50. PhotorealisticRendering of Concepts orFinishedModels 1. Introductionto CAD Pro/ENGINEER GYTE-Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü

More Related