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Disaster Recovery VLANs Network Storage

Disaster Recovery VLANs Network Storage. Chapter 10 Lecture 2. Backups. The backup process uses server and network resources. It should be scheduled at a time of lowest network usage Backup software is available to set for automatic backups. Types of Backups.

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Disaster Recovery VLANs Network Storage

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  1. Disaster RecoveryVLANsNetwork Storage Chapter 10 Lecture 2

  2. Backups • The backup process uses server and network resources. • It should be scheduled at a time of lowest network usage • Backup software is available to set for automatic backups

  3. Types of Backups • Full backup (aka: normal backup) • All files from the hard drive are backed up. • Best method • Requires the most time • Incremental backup • Only files that have changed since the last full or incremental backup are copied. • Reduces backup time but increases restore time • Restore must be done in chronological order • Differential backup • Only files that have changed since the last full backup • Takes more time than the incremental • Restore usually quicker since you will have fewer tapes

  4. Archive Bit • Files have attributes that are created automatically upon file creation that give the OS and application information about the file. • Attributes use one byte of storage within the file • Attributes • Read only 00000001 • Hidden 00000010 • System 00000100 • Archive 00100000 • The archive bit acts as a communication between application software and backup software so that backup software can determine which files have been modified or created so that they can be backed up. • When a file is backed up, the backup software may clear(depends on the type of backup) the archive bit (sets it to zero). If an application is used to create or modify the file, the bit is changed to 1 so the backup software knows to back it up.

  5. Types of Backup and Archive Bit • Full backup • Doesn’t check the archive bit • Clears the archive bit (0) • Incremental backup • Checks the archive bit (backs up files set to 1) • Clears the archive bit • Differential • Checks the archive bit (backs up files set to 1) • Does not clear the bit

  6. Backup Rotation Schedules • GFS – Grandfather Father Son • Most widely used rotation schedule • Separate tapes for monthly/weekly/daily • 12 Tapes • Four daily (Monday – Thursday) - sons • Five weekly (Friday) – father • Three monthly – grandfather

  7. Best Practice • Test the backup by periodically restoring it. • Confirm back-up logs • Label the backup tapes • Date • Type • Technician • Store in a safe place • Add new tapes into rotation • Password protect • Write protect

  8. VLANs • Virtual Local Area Network • Segment the network using a switch • VLAN – grouping of computers that acts as though they are in their own network. • Port-based VLANs • Specific ports are assigned to a particular VLAN • MAC-based VLANs • Switch contains a database of members based on their MAC addresses. • Protocol-based VLANs • Member computers assigned based on protocol and IP address

  9. File Storage • Files can be stored on any server whether it is a dedicated server or not.

  10. Network Attached Storage • Specialized file server • No mouse, keyboard, monitor • Has its own IP address • Streamlined OS • May have multiple hard drives • Communicates using NFS (network file system) or SMB (server message block) - application layer protocols • More expensive than existing server • Higher data availability • More Secure • Easy administration

  11. SAN • Storage Area Network • High-speed, specialized servers connected to data storage devices • Uses fiber (1 Gbps) • Redundant paths between the servers • NAS can be attached to a SAN. • Expensive

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