The Developing Needs for e-infrastructures

1. The Developing Needs for e-infrastructures Professor John Wood, Chair, JISC Committee for the Support of Research

2. The European ELT Astronomy Astrophisics and Nuclear Physics • highest priorities in ground-based astronomy • detailed studies of inter alia planets around other stars, the first objects in the Universe, super-massive Black Holes, and the nature and distribution of the Dark Matter and Dark Energy which dominate the Universe • maintain and reinforce Europe’s position at the forefront of astrophysical research. www.eso.org/projects/e-elt

3. FAIR Astronomy Astrophisics and Nuclear Physics • high energy primary and secondary beams of ions of highest intensity and quality • including an “antimatter beam” of antiprotons allowing forefront research • experiments with primary beams of ion masses up to Uranium and the production of a broad range of radioactive ion beams. www.gsi.de/fair/index_e.html

4. KM3NET Astronomy Astrophisics and Nuclear Physics • deep-sea research infrastructure in the Mediterranean Sea • cubic-kilometre sized deep‑sea neutrino telescope for astronomy • detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos • long-term deep-sea measurements. www.km3net.org

5. SKA Astronomy Astrophisics and Nuclear Physics • Square Kilometre Array • next generation radio telescope • 50 times more sensitive than current facilities • survey the sky more than 10,000 times faster than any existing radio telescope. www.skatelescope.org

6. ESFRI and e-IRG: EU-HPC • New generation of Capability (high-performance) and Capacity Computing (high‑throughput) top-levelmachines • Scientific computing network to be set-up at European level associated with national, regional and local centres • Different machine architectures will fulfil the requirements of different scientific domains and applications www.hpcineuropetaskforce.eu

7. Global Dimension • Several of the projects on the Roadmap require a global approach.  • Discussions are taking place on how the EU can act with one voice • A Forum for decision making is urgently needed. Carnegie meeting agreed to regular meeting of science ministers • Major player are Australia, Japan, Russia, South Africa, USA, China, India

8. Lessons learnt from first ESFRI Roadmap • Many countries were not ready for the Roadmap • No national strategy for infrastructures in respective fields • Lack of information • Remarkable differences between research fields • Higher level of coordination in Physics • Pan-European coordination of infrastructures in other fields not common • Triggering effect of the ESFRI Roadmap • ESFRI stimulated many countries to start the process of national prioritisation • High demand for Europe-wide accessible infrastructure

9. Implementation Where are we with the implementation of the Roadmap 2006: • Preparatory phase from FP7 • Member States discussion on all the projects • Some project in advanced state of implementation: the example of XFEL The update of the Roadmap has started since not all fields were covered.

10. The ESFRI Roadmap is an ongoing process • Update and addendum of first Roadmap • Assessment of maturity of Emerging Proposals • Identification of further important research infrastructures

11. ESFRI Structure ESFRI – The Forum Chair: John Wood (Carlo Rizzuto, March 2008) (+ 60 Representatives) Executive Board Chair + EC + 3 elected ESFRI-Members ESFRI Secretariat (EC) Hervé Pero (Executive Secretary) RWG-PSE Chair:Jørgen Kristian Kjems RWG-BMS Chair: Eckhart Curtius RWG-SSH Chair: Bjorn Henrichsen RWG-ENV Chair: Eeva Ikonen e-IWG Chair: Dany Vandromme

12. The necessity for e-science • e-science is about inventing and exploiting new advanced computational methods to: • create a new approach to shared research between groups and facilities • generate, curate and analyze data • link publications to data • develop and explore models and simulations at an unprecedented scale and to use simulations to run experiments • help the set-up of distributed virtual organizations to ease collaboration and sharing of resources and information and the remote operation of facilities

13. Who are the users today? • Research communities in urgent need for new advanced methods because they face unprecedented computational challenges • Example High Energy Physics • LHC • Neutrino Mass • Gravitational Waves • Research communities foreseeing the need for new advanced computational methods because of new major projects • Example: fusion (ITER) • Other research communities - a hollistic approach • Geophysics • Condensed Matter • Meteorology • Energy

14. The early adopters: HEP • The High Energy Physics was the first research community to adopt globally the grid paradigm for data collection and analysis • High Energy Physics adopted grids for LHC to handle the unprecedented volume of data produced • Highly structured community acting as “Guinea pig” • High Energy Physics is the n°1 user of e-infrastructures around the world • 99.9% of the data from Atlas has to be removed in the first few microseconds to avoid web overload!!

15. Particle Physics • Progress towards the LHC at CERN - first beam this year!

16. Looking forward - the LHC at CERN CMS LHC analysis inititative with Southampton ATLAS tracker at RAL CMS calorimeter crystal Invented at RAL Physics data in 2008! LHC computing at RAL ATLAS

17. Achievements in High Energy Physics • the example of EGEE • (Enabling Grids for E-sciencE) • ~50K jobs/day • > 10K simultaneous jobs during prolonged periods • Reliable data distribution service demonstrated at 1.6 GB/sec from CERN to LHC Computing Grid national nodes

18. Meteorology (1)

19. Reaching the critical mass • Many research communities are trying the Grid • Very positive experience within EGEE application sector • Slow transition from pilot application to scientific production • A critical mass is needed to move from pilot applications to scientific production • Critical mass of scientists: dissemination in the research community to reach beyond pioneers • Critical mass of resources: large enough virtual organization • Critical mass of grid expertise • Beside geographic extensions of the infrastructures, need for community oriented infrastructure projects:

20. Big Issues • Data Deluge • Curation and Provenance • Interoperability • Multi-disciplinarity of research • Linking of publications to data • What is coming up – “Tower of Babel” or “Nations Speaking unto Nations.” – the need for International Strategies

21. The new world of neutrino physics SNO detector The sun imaged with neutrinos (by the SuperK experiment) SuperKamiokande and SNO open a new world of neutrino oscillations: discovery that neutrinos have tiny masses and mix Oscillations Confirmed by MINOS in 2006 Neutrino discovery timeline 

22. MICE at RAL - installing now Demonstrate cooling a muon beam Looking forward - Neutrino Physics • T2K at J-PARC - starts 2009 • A strong role in detector and accelerator development and in physics analysis Learn more about neutrino mixing angles Technology demonstration • Neutrino Factory • international scoping study  design study • RAL is one credible site Explore CP violation: origin of matter in the universe?