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Classifying Living Things

december
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Classifying Living Things

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  1. You are in charge of a new library. When you arrive at the library, you find all the books in a huge pile. Someone is going to come in to put the books on shelves, but you need to write instructions on how to sort the books. Please write the instructions in your journal using 50 words or more.

  2. Classifying Living Things Classification

  3. Objectives • Explain why organisms are organized into groups. • Describe how scientists name organisims. • Identify the major classification groups. • Make a model of a classification system

  4. History of Classification

  5. Why classify? • To better understand patterns in nature

  6. To make some sense out of the relationships among organisms by defining what makes them different or similar.

  7. Helps trace how things evolve or why things go extinct.

  8. As we all grow: We begin with simple grouping of objects or things - “all mine!” As we grow, groupings become more complex – “grouping by size, type, flavor, preference….

  9. Early classification of animals • People of ancient near east put animals in 5 groups: • Domestic animals • Wild animals • Creeping animals • Flying animals • Sea animals

  10. In 1700’s • Carolus Linnaeus classified about 12,000 organisms into groups based on similar characteristice. • His basic system is still used today. • Science of classifying things using this method is called “Taxonomy”.

  11. 7 Levels of Classification • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species • Kids playing catch on freeway get squashed!

  12. Lets look at the Kingdoms • Kingdom – Most scientists group all living things into 5 kingdoms, depending on cell structure, how it gets energy, how it moves, and how it reproduces Animalia Monera Fungi Protista Plantae (uhhh..animals?) (Things like bacteria) (Things like mushrooms) (molds and algae) ( mosses, ferns, flowering plants)

  13. Phylum • Phylum is the largest group in the animal kingdom. • Animals in the phylum Chordata have a flexable, skeletal rod called a Notochord.

  14. Class • A phylum is divided into classes. Polar bears belong to the class Mammalia. These are endothermic (warm blooded) animals whose females produce milk.

  15. Order • A class is divided into orders. Polar bears are members of the order Carnivora. These are animals that mainly eat meat, and have well developed teeth.

  16. Family • An order is divided into families. The polar bear belongs to the family Ursidae.

  17. Genus • Each family consists of at least one genus. Polar bears and grizzly bears belong to the genus Ursus.

  18. Species • A genus contains one or more Species. A species is made up of a group of related organisms that can mate and reproduce offspring of the same type.

  19. Scientific Names • There can be many common names for the same species. • Science uses the Genus and Species as the scientific name of an organism. • This is called binomial nomenclature. • Latin phrase that means, “Two name naming”.

  20. Homework • Read – pg 174 to 179 • Complete 1 thru 4 on pg 179 • Finish worksheet we start in class.

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