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Native American Folk Art: Tradition & Creativity in Late 19th Century

Explore the evolution of Native American folk art from late 19th century to present on reservations, blending traditional forms with new materials and ideas. Discover the renaissance in Southwest tribes' basketry, pottery innovation, beadwork and quillwork wearable art, and the rich history of quilting and textile creations reflecting cultural shifts.

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Native American Folk Art: Tradition & Creativity in Late 19th Century

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  1. Native American Folk Art

  2. Background • Late 19th century. • Relocation to reservations disrupted historical art styles and led to new creativity. • Synthesis of traditional American Indian art forms and influences of greater American society (new ideas and materials).

  3. Background (cont.) • Most Native American folk artists are self-taught; elders serve as mentors to younger generation. • Before 20th century, objects (baskets, pottery, quilts, textiles) created as necessary part of life; after, objects created for art market.

  4. Baskets • 1970s - renaissance in Southwest tribes. • Collectors, dealers, traders and galleries sought handmade baskets. • Traditional techniques: plaited style. • New designs: letters, pictorial images, portraits.

  5. Pottery • Traditionally, ceremonial vessels decorative. • 1970s - art markets: sculpture, mixture of designs on pottery, modern subjects.

  6. Beadwork & Quillwork • Wearable art: quill work on moccasins, shirts, and dresses. • 16th century: glass beads imported from Europe; provided new material. • Early quillwork and beadwork designs identified tribes; later synthesis of design and themes.

  7. Quilts • Plains Indian tribes: missionaries taught Native American women. • Southeast tribes: influenced by European American patchwork traditions and African American appliqué techniques. • Made to commemorate and celebrate special occasions.

  8. Textiles • 16th century Spanish explorers brought sheep (wool) to New World. • Blankets, rugs, pictorial textiles: cultural documents. • Subjects: commercial products, transportation, reservation scenes.

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