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Hinduism

Hinduism. A Brief Introduction. Visit www.worldofteaching.com For 100’s of free powerpoints. Scriptures. Hundreds of scriptures oldest scriptures: the four Vedas all scriptures divided into two broad categories: shruti and smriti Most popular scripture: Bhagavad Gita.

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Hinduism

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  1. Hinduism A Brief Introduction Visit www.worldofteaching.com For 100’s of free powerpoints

  2. Scriptures • Hundreds of scriptures • oldest scriptures: the four Vedas • all scriptures divided into two broad categories: shruti and smriti • Most popular scripture: Bhagavad Gita

  3. What “ism” is Hinduism? • Everything from Atheism to Polytheism • Different interpretations of the same scriptures led to differences in belief • Sanatana Dharma Eternal Philosophy

  4. Concept of God • Nirguna Brahman - God without attributes • Saguna Brahman - God with attributes • Saguna Brahman can be worshipped in any shape or form, human or otherwise

  5. Hindu Trinity • Brahma - the Creator • Vishnu - the Preserver • Shiva - the Destroyer • Three aspects/powers of the same divine being

  6. Basic Beliefs • Karma - the law of cause and effect; “you reap what you sow” • Reincarnation - eternal soul traverses through different bodies till it finds liberation

  7. Symbolism in Hinduism

  8. Holy Cow! • Hindus have always had great respect for Mother Nature and its creatures • Cow is especially significant because it symbolizes gentleness

  9. Four Goals of Human Life • Kama – fulfillment of desires • Artha – accumulation of wealth • Dharma – performance of social and religious duties • Moksha – freedom from want

  10. Four Paths to Moksha • Karma Yoga - Path of righteous action • Bhakti Yoga - Path of selfless devotion • JnanaYoga - Path of rational inquiry • Raja Yoga - Path of renunciation

  11. Temple Worship • Temples provide an atmosphere conducive for spiritual progress • Centers of social and cultural activities • Provide a place for collective worship and prayers

  12. Six Philosophical Schools • Sankhya - Sage Kapila • Yoga - Sage Patanjali • Mimamsa - SageJaimini • Vedanta – Sage Vyasa • Nyaya - Sage Gautama • Vaisheshika - Sage Kanada

  13. History of Hinduism • Originated between 4000 and 2000 BC • No single founder • Vedas: the oldest scriptures of Hinduism • Veda means “to know” • Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharva Veda • Upanishads explain the philosophical ideas in story and dialogue form

  14. Veda Vyasa • 1500 BC • classified the Vedas into the four traditional collections • composed the 18 Puranas • composed his great poetic work, the Mahabharata in a period of two and a half years

  15. Sankara • Advaitha philosophy • 7th century AD • traveled all over India having public debates with other philosophers • true happiness can be attained by removing avidya(ignorance) and maya (self deception)

  16. Ramanuja • 10th Century AD • Vishistadvaitha • wanted everybody irrespective of social standing to enjoy the eternal bliss of Lord Narayana • Bhakti - complete surrender to the Lord

  17. Madhva • Dwaitha philosophy • 12th Century AD • the world is not an illusion. • solitary study of the scriptures, performing one's duty without self-interest, practical acts of devotion

  18. Vivekananda • First Hindu leader to visit America • Famous address at the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago on September 11,1893 • Spent three years preaching the Vedanta philosophy in America and England • Founded the Ramakrishna Mission

  19. Contemporary Hindu Leaders in America • David Frawley • Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami • Mahesh Yogi • Satchidananda • Mata Amritanandamayi

  20. Festivals Hinduism is a celebratory religion The motive: Festivals keep us close to Gods, invigorate our household and renew our personal life. Festivals signify victory of good over evil. Every month of Hindu calendar has atleast one significant festival. Each festival has regional significance also. Celebration of diversity.

  21. April/May • Yugaadi/Ugaadi: • The first day of the year according to • the National Calendar of India.  • The day falls in the beginning of spring • - Vasanta Ritu – When the Goddess of • Nature gets bedecked as a divine • bride.

  22. Sri Ramanavami Mahavir Jayanti Buddha Jayanti Birthday of Lord Rama, the prince of Ayodhya, and his coronation as a king. Birthday of Buddha, the founder of Buddhism Birthday of Mahavira, the founder of Jainism

  23. May/June Guru Purnima • Guru: One’s teacher. The day • commemorates the birthday of • Veda Vyasa. • Time to remember and felicitate • one’s teachers. • Lord Muruga • Worshipped mostly in • South India

  24. July/August Raksha Bandhan Krishnashtami Symbolizes the love between brother and sister. Birthday of Lord Krishna, favorite lovable God of many :)

  25. August/September Ganesh Chaturthi Durga Pooja/Navaratri Birthday of the elephant God, Ganesha A nine day celebration signifying the victory of Mother Durga over the evil demon King Mahishasura.

  26. October/November Mother Lakshmi Deepavali: The festival of lights • Mother Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity is worshipped • on this day. • Beginning of the Hindu financial year.

  27. December/January Guru Gobind Singh Jayanti Sankranti/Pongal Birthday of Guru Gobind Singh, one of the Sikh Gurus Celebration of the harvest festival

  28. February/March Holi Mahashivaratri Holi, the festival of colors commemorating the victory of Lord Krishna over the demonHolika Birthday of Lord Shiva

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