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Stone Tool Technologies in South Puget Sound

Explore the evolution of stone tools in South Puget Sound, including arrowheads, dart points, and knives. Learn about different periods, point types, and hunting weapons used by Paleoindian and Archaic cultures.

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Stone Tool Technologies in South Puget Sound

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  1. Stone Tool Technologies South Puget Sound “Arrowheads, Dart Points, and Knives, Oh My!” Scott Williams, WSDOT State Capital Museum Lecture Series January, 2011

  2. Source: http://courses.washington.edu/uwtoce06/index.html

  3. Source: Suttles and Lane, 1990

  4. Morphology of Projectile Point Types • Body Shape (the main outline), • Blade Edge Outline, • Shoulder Type, and • Base Type

  5. Paleoindian Period 13,000-11,000 BP

  6. Kitsap County Clovis

  7. Fluted and Stemmed Thrusting spears are the primary hunting tool

  8. Archaic Period10,000 – 6,000 (or 2,000) BP

  9. This part gets confusing… • For a period of about 8,000 years there is little change in the archaeological record of stone tools • There is some regional and possible time variations, but they are still poorly understood • The atlatl is the primary hunting weapon in this period

  10. Black Lake Biface: age?

  11. Late Period, 2000-150 BP: arrow points

  12. Hartstene

  13. The Mud Bay Site and some of the projectile points found there.

  14. QW-F QW-D Continuum of point use and rejuvenation QW-C

  15. BODY SHAPEBLADE EDGESHOULDER TYPESTEM TYPETYPE Short Isosceles Triangle Excurvate or Straight or Incurvate Stemless “Flat” to Convex to Concave Base Not Applicable HI-B N=22 or + = or + or or Examples:

  16. BODY SHAPEBLADE EDGESHOULDER TYPESTEM TYPETYPE Long Isosceles Triangle Straight or Excurvate Tapered Contracting HI-C N=15 = + or + + Examples:

  17. BODY SHAPEBLADE EDGESHOULDER TYPESTEM TYPETYPE Scalene Triangle Excurvate or Straight or Incurvate Not Applicable Stemless Slope Base HI-D N=15 = + or + or Examples:

  18. BODY SHAPEBLADE EDGESHOULDER TYPESTEM TYPETYPE Straight Sided Lanceolate Stemless Flat or Convex Base Excurvate Not Applicable HI-E N= 6 or = + + Examples:

  19. BODY SHAPEBLADE EDGESHOULDER TYPESTEM TYPETYPE Asymetrical, “Canine,” “Shark Fin” Excurvate And Incurvate, or Excurvate And Straight Rounded or Tapered Contracting HI-H N= 9 (Knife?) + = & or + or + & Examples:

  20. Cladogram derived from Puget Sound site projectile point types creating a phylogenesis tree of Coast Salish site temporal sequencing for approximately 4,000 years (based on PAUP* software (Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and other methods) (Swofford 1998)).

  21. lanceolate point types triangular “drill”-like types small triangular point types Duwamish No. 1 site and Hartstene Island Site major projectile type percentages—note the very close percentage ratios.

  22. Comparison of raw material types at four south Sound sites

  23. Qwu?gwes Projectile Point Types Defined

  24. Hartstene Projectile Point Types Defined

  25. Thanks to: • Drew Crooks and the Capital Museum • Dale Croes, SPSCC • Rhonda Foster and Larry Ross, SIT CRD • Ralph and Karen Munro • Alan Spencer, NRCS • Jeff Flenniken, Lithic Analysts • Washington Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation

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