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Grid Computing Standards

Grid Computing Standards. ITCS 4010 Grid Computing, 2005, UNC-Charlotte, B. Wilkinson, slides 4a. Standards Bodies. The primary standards-setting body is 1 : Global Grid Forum (GGF) Started in 1998 Meets three times a year, GGF1, GGF2, GGF3 …

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Grid Computing Standards

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  1. Grid Computing Standards ITCS 4010 Grid Computing, 2005, UNC-Charlotte, B. Wilkinson, slides 4a.

  2. Standards Bodies The primary standards-setting body is1: • Global Grid Forum (GGF) • Started in 1998 • Meets three times a year, GGF1, GGF2, GGF3 … • More than 40 organizations involved and growing … Others: • W3C consortium (Worlds Wide Web Consortium) • Working on standardization of web-related technologies such as XML • See http://www.w3.org • OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) • IETF, DMTF 1 “The Grid Core Technologies” by M. Li and M. Baker, 2005, page 4.

  3. Standards in the Web Services World • XML introduced (ratified) in 1998 • SOAP ratified in 2000 • Web services developed • Subsequently, standards have been are continuing to be developed: • WSDL • WS-* where * refers to names of one of many standards

  4. Standards in the grid computing world • Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA) • First announced at GGF4 in Feb 2002 • OGSA does not give details of implementation.

  5. Grid computing softwareStarted before standards became accepted.Gone through several development cycles:

  6. 1996-2002 • Originally own protocols were developed (e.g. GT2) Then • OGSA (Open Grid Services architecture) standard and a specification called OGSI (Open Grid Service Infrastructure) was developed. Extended web service was invented called a grid service to embody state and transience. (GGF) Implemented in GT3. And • Now relies more directly upon developing web service standards (GT 4) 2002-2004 2005 -

  7. Grid computing standards • Figure from “An ‘Ecosystem’ of Grid Components”, 2004, Grid Research Integration Deployment and Support Center, http://www-unix.grids-center.org/r6/ecosystem/ecology.php

  8. Open Grid Services Architecture(OGSA)Although OGSI vanished, OGSA continues …

  9. OGSA • Defines standard mechanisms for creating, naming, and discovering service instances. • Addresses architectural issues relating to interoperable services for grid computing. • Originally described in “The Physiology of the Grid” http://www.globus.org/research/papers/ogsa.pdf

  10. WS-Resource Framework • A specification developed by OASIS, essentially to replace OGSI and make the implementation of a stateful web service acceptable. • Specifies how to make web services stateful and other feature, without drifting from the original web services concept.

  11. From “The Globus Toolkit 4 Programmer’s Tutorial” by Borja Sotomayor.

  12. From “The Globus Toolkit 4 Programmer’s Tutorial” by Borja Sotomayor.

  13. WS-* Standards Principal web service standards adopted for grid computing: • WSRF Framework collection of 5 specifications: • WS-ResourceProperties • Specifies how resource properties are defined and accessed • WS-ResourceLifetime • Specifies mechanisms to manage resource lifetimes • WS-ServiceGroup • Specifies how to group services or WS-Resources together • WS-BaseFaults • Specifies how to report faults

  14. WS-* Standards continued • WS-Notification • Collection of specifications that specifies how configure services as notification producers or consumers • WS-Addressing • Specifies how to address web services. • Provides a way to address a web service/resource pair

  15. GT 4 Stateful Web Services • Web services as created in assignment 1 are stateless. • Stateful web services required for grid computing. • Obtained in WS-RF by having a web service front-end to a stateful “resource.”

  16. Web Service Resource Framework (WS-RF) Resource Web Service Resource properties Holds information retained between accesses. Client

  17. Example with a “database” resource The Grid 2: Blueprint for a new Computing Infrastructure, Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman and Steve Tuecker Editors, Morgan Kaufmann 2004 -- Chapter 17: “The Open Grid Service Architecture,” by Ian Foster, Carl Kesselman and Steve Tuecker.

  18. In this example, the client accesses a file transfer service to perform actions such as transfer a file from one storage service to another. • Because based upon web services, uses web services technology, XML, WSDL, etc.

  19. WSDL file with WS-RF • Serves the same purpose as the WSDL file in web services – to define the service interface. • A significant addition in the WSDL file is to specify the resource.

  20. Service Interface • If service implements operations on WSRF resource properties, WSDL will include definitions relating to resource property.

  21. Service Implementation • If service uses WS-RF mechanisms, implementation must include code for resource implementation and resource home.

  22. More detail on WS-RF when we do assignment 2, which asks us to create a Globus 4 service. GT 4 uses WS-RF. • First though, let us look at GT4.

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