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Plant Groups

Plant Groups . Chapter 3 Lesson 2. What are the characteristics of Seedless, Nonvascular Plants?. 1. Mosses, Liverworts, & Hornworts Have no vascular tissues to transport water and sugar Remain small because they depend on osmosis & diffusion to transport water and sugar

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Plant Groups

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  1. Plant Groups Chapter 3 Lesson 2

  2. What are the characteristics of Seedless, Nonvascular Plants? 1. Mosses, Liverworts, & Hornworts • Have no vascular tissues to transport water and sugar • Remain small because they depend on osmosis & diffusion to transport water and sugar • Have rhizoids instead of roots • Do not have true stems, leaves & roots • Importance: first plants to inhabit a new area create new soil prevent soil erosion

  3. What are the characteristics of Seedless Vascular Plants? 2. Ferns, Horsetails & Club Mosses • Ferns range in size from a few millimeters to 23 meters tall and can live in almost any climate. • Clubmosses are not true mosses because they have vascular tissue and are about 25 cm tall. These were common millions of years ago. • Horsetails are usually less than 1.3 meters tall. There are 15 species alive today, but millions of years ago were a predominant plant species • Importance = our coal was formed from these plants that lived 300 million years ago. • Have vascular tissues to transport water& sugar • Xylem – transports water & minerals from the roots to the leaves • Phloem – transports sugars from the leaves to the rest of the plant • Have true roots, stems & leaves

  4. What are the characteristics of Seed Plants? 3. What’s so great about seeds? • Seeds have stored food • Seeds can germinate (begin to grow) without having to do photosynthesis right away • Seed plants do not need water for the egg to be fertilized by the sperm. They produce pollen that delivers sperm cells to the egg. After fertilization a seed develops alone or inside a fruit. • Seeds have a young plant partially developed inside them • Seeds are protected by a seed coat

  5. Seed Plants without Flowers 4. Gymnosperms • 4 groups : Ginkgoes Cycads Gnetophytes Conifers

  6. Gymnosperms continued… Gymnosperm • Means ‘naked seed’ because the seed is not encased in a protective fruit • Conifer • means ‘carry cones’ • This group is the most economically important • Largest and most diverse group • Called evergreens as they keep their needles year round • Include the oldest living trees on Earth

  7. Seed Plants with Flowers & Fruits 5. Angiosperms • The most abundant group of plants on Earth and are found in every environment • Produce flowers • Attract pollinators which take pollen from flower to flower • Others are windpollinated • Produce seeds enclosed in a fruit • Fruits help ensure the seeds survive as they are transported to areas where new plants can grow • Fruits protect the seeds as they develop • Importance • Provide land animals with food • All of our foodcrops, many sources of wood, and fibers for clothing (cotton) come from angiosperms

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