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A Cladogram of Plant Groups – shows evolutionary relationships of plants

Flowering plants. Cone-bearing plants. Ferns and their relatives. Flowers; Seeds Enclosed in Fruit. Mosses and their relatives. Seeds. Water-Conducting (Vascular) Tissue. Green algae ancestor. A Cladogram of Plant Groups – shows evolutionary relationships of plants.

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A Cladogram of Plant Groups – shows evolutionary relationships of plants

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  1. Floweringplants Cone-bearingplants Ferns andtheir relatives Flowers; SeedsEnclosed in Fruit Mosses andtheir relatives Seeds Water-Conducting(Vascular) Tissue Green algaeancestor A Cladogram of Plant Groups – shows evolutionary relationships of plants

  2. The Diversity of Plants Cone-bearing plants760 species Floweringplants235,000 species Ferns andtheir relatives11,000 species Mosses andtheir relatives15,600 species

  3. Structure of a Leaf - the cuticle protects the leaf against transpiration Cuticle Veins Epidermis Palisademesophyll Xylem Vein Phloem Spongymesophyll Epidermis Stoma Guardcells

  4. Annuals Perennials Biennials 1 growingseason More than2 years 2 years Plants are categorized as that completetheir life cycle in that completetheir life cycle in that completetheir life cycle in

  5. Types of Plants – Seedless • Mosses (Bryophytes) • Ferns (Pterophyta)

  6. Types of Plants - seeds • Cone Bearing (Gymnosperms) • Flowering (Angiosperm)

  7. Gymnosperms vs Angiosperms Comparing Features of Seed Plants Feature Seeds Reproduction Examples Gymnosperms Angiosperms Bear their seeds on cones Can reproduce without water; male gametophytes are contained in pollen grains; fertilization occurs by pollination Conifers, cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes Bear their seeds within flowers Can reproduce without water; male gametophytes are contained in pollen grains; fertilization occurs by pollination Grasses, flowering trees and shrubs, wildflowers, cultivated flowers

  8. Flower Functions • Sexual Reproduction! • Flowers are pollinated by: • Wind • Insects • Birds

  9. FLOWER PARTS • Pistil – female part of the plant • Contains the stigma, style and ovary (surround and protect the seeds)

  10. FLOWER PARTS • Stamen – male part of the plant • Contains the anther and filament

  11. FLOWER PARTS • Petals – colorful, leaflike structures • Sepals – green leaflike structures at the base of the flower

  12. Stamen Carpel Stigma Anther Style Filament Ovary Petal Ovule Sepal The structure of a flower.

  13. Fruit – after pollination the ovary develops a wall of tissue surrounding the seed

  14. Single cotyledon Two cotyledons Parallel veins Branched veins Floral parts often in multiples of 3 Floral parts often in multiplesof 4 or 5 Vascularbundlesscattered throughout stem Vascularbundlesarranged ina ring Fibrous roots Taproot Figure 22–25 Comparison ofMonocots and Dicots Comparison of Monocots and Dicots Monocots Dicots Seeds Leaves Flowers Stems Roots

  15. Transpiration A B Evaporation of water molecules out of leaves. Pull of water molecules upward from the roots.

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