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Mongols and Aztecs: Empires from 1200-1500. Mongol Empire Aztec Empire IDs: Chinggis Khan, (c. 1155-1227), flower songs, tribute. Comparison of Empires. Mongol Empire. Aztec Empire. I. Mongols. A. Huge empire by conquest Largest land empire in world history. B. Origins on frontier.
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Mongols and Aztecs: Empires from 1200-1500 • Mongol Empire • Aztec Empire IDs: Chinggis Khan, (c. 1155-1227), flower songs, tribute
Comparison of Empires Mongol Empire Aztec Empire
I. Mongols A. Huge empire by conquest Largest land empire in world history
B. Origins on frontier • Steppe nomads • tribal division • tribal wars
C. Unity of tribes by personality & ideology Chinggis (Genghis) Khan, 1155-1227 Temujin Tengri Transforms tribal division to Mongol identity
ponies bows 60 miles/ per day
E. Attacking more civilized/settled peoples Kubilai Khan • Conquers Southern Song dynasty in 1280 • founds Yuan dynasty
Adoption of Chinese culture • Difficulty of control (too few Mongols)
F. Tribute Systems • Wealth, horses, grain, etc. • Manpower • Taxed trade
G. Loosely structured, unstable conquest state Using officials from different cultures (Persian or Central Asian officials used in China)
II. Aztecs Mesoamerican city-states Toltec Mixtec Zapotec Maya
A. Empire of Conquest 1. Conquest (1428-1530)
B. Aztec Frontier Origins Semi-nomadic Chichimecs from northern desert • Méxica • Aztlán
Establishment at Lake Texcoco • Toltecs • Mercenaries • Tenochtitlán
G. Loosely structured, unstable state • Instablity • Revolts
H. Alternative Religious Ideology: Quetzalcoatl Nezahualcoyotl King of Texcoco Flower songs