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Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and Communications

computing ESSENTIALS. 9. Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and Communications. computing ESSENTIALS. Competencies. Connectivity Wireless Revolution Communication systems Connection devices Transmissions and protocols Network architecture. computing ESSENTIALS. Connectivity.

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Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and Communications

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  1. computing ESSENTIALS 9 Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, and Communications

  2. computing ESSENTIALS Competencies Connectivity Wireless Revolution Communication systems Connection devices Transmissions and protocols Network architecture

  3. computing ESSENTIALS Connectivity • Computer networks that link people and resources • Other computers • Large storage devices • Internet

  4. computing ESSENTIALS Wireless Revolution • Wireless and mobile telephones • Most dramatic change in connectivity • Connected all the time anywhere • Originally voice communication • Computer communications • Bluetooth • Device connections

  5. computing ESSENTIALS Communication Systems • Electronic systems that transmit and receive information • Basic elements • Sending/Receiving device • Communication channel • Connection devices • Data transmission specifications

  6. computing ESSENTIALS Communication Channels • Essential element of communication system • Two categories • Physical connection • Wireless connection

  7. computing ESSENTIALS Wired Connections • Telephone lines • Twisted pair • Old standard • Coaxial cable • Single solid-copper core • 80 times faster • Fiber-optic cable • Light through glass • 26,000 times faster

  8. computing ESSENTIALS Wireless Connections • Microwave • High-frequency radio waves • Line-of-sight communication • Relayed • Satellite • Microwave relay stations • Geostationary • Large volume of data

  9. computing ESSENTIALS Connection Devices • Modulator-demodulator • Converts analog signal to digital signal • Speed in bits per second (bps) • External • Internal • PC Card • Wireless

  10. computing ESSENTIALS Connection Types • Dial-up service • Most popular, but slow • T1 – T4 lines • Special high-speed lines • Digital subscriber line (DSL) • Uses existing phone lines, fast • Cable • Existing television cables • Satellite/air connection services • Slower than DSL, but faster than dial-up

  11. computing ESSENTIALS Data Transmission • Bandwidth • How much information can be transmitted at one time • Protocol • Specific rules guiding the exchange of information

  12. computing ESSENTIALS Bandwidth • Measurement of capacity of the communication channel • Categories • Voiceband • Standard phone line, dial-up • Medium band • Special leased lines • Broadband • High capacity transmissions • DSL, cable, satellite

  13. computing ESSENTIALS Data Transmission Direction • Simplex • One direction only • Half-duplex • One direction at a time • Full-duplex • Both direction simultaneously

  14. computing ESSENTIALS Protocols • Set of communication rules for exchange of information • Transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) • Identification • IP Address • Domain name system (DNS) • Reformatting • Reassemble packets

  15. computing ESSENTIALS Networks • Two or more connected computers that share information and resources • Node • Device connected to a network • Client • Node that requests and uses resources available from other nodes • Server • Node that shares resources with other nodes

  16. computing ESSENTIALS More Network Terms • Network operating system (NOS) • Software to control and coordinate activities between nodes on a network • Distributed processing • Computing power located and shared at different locations • Host computer • Large centralized computer, usually a mainframe

  17. computing ESSENTIALS Network Architecture • Arrangement of network communication channel • Coordinates and shares resources • Topology • Star network • Bus network • Ring network • Hierarchical

  18. computing ESSENTIALS Star Network

  19. computing ESSENTIALS Bus Network

  20. computing ESSENTIALS Ring Network

  21. computing ESSENTIALS Hierarchical Network

  22. computing ESSENTIALS Strategies • Ways to coordinate sharing of resources • Most common • Terminal network system • Peer-to-peer network system • Client/Server network system • Enterprise computing

  23. computing ESSENTIALS Network Types • Networks differ in geographical size • Types of networks • Local Area Network (LAN) • Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) • Wide Area Network (WAN)

  24. computing ESSENTIALS Local Area Networks • Computers and devices linked in close proximity to each other • Typically use a bus form of organization • Network gateways • Network bridge

  25. computing ESSENTIALS Metropolitan Area Networks • Link nodes and resources within the geographical bounds of a city • Link between buildings • Cellular phones can extend the reach of a MAN

  26. computing ESSENTIALS Wide Area Networks • Countrywide and worldwide network • Use microwave relays and satellites • Internet • Widest of all WAN

  27. computing ESSENTIALS Look to Future • Wireless robotic car • Toyota and Sony collaboration • Pod • Connects wirelessly to portable terminal • Download songs from Internet • Use GPS to determine location • Communicate with other cars

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