Formation of Earth/Moon & Geologic Dating Review

1. Formation of Earth/Moon& Geologic Dating Review

2. 1. Archaeologists use the half-life of _____ to date organic materials. • A.carbon-12 • C.carbon-14 • B.uranium-235 • D.uranium-238

3. 2. Radioactive materials have unstable • A.electrons. • C.protons. • B.nuclei. • D.neutrons.

4. 3. The process of nuclear change in an atom of radioactive material is called • A.radioactivedecay. • C.nuclearmass. • B.isotopes. • D.radon.

5. 4. Nuclei with too many or too few neutrons are • A.neverfound. • C.unnatural. • B.unstable. • D.stable.

6. 5. In radioactive decay, with each half-life, half the remaining sample decays to form another • A.nucleus. • C.life-form. • B.element. • D.proton.

7. 6. All planets in the solar system revolve around • A.thesun. • C.Jupiter. • B.Earth. • D.Mars.

8. 7. The moon orbits • A.Earth. • C.Saturn. • B.thesun. • D.Mercury.

9. 8. Tides on Earth are caused primarily by • A.themoon’s gravitational force. • C.Earth’slandscape. • B.thesun’s gravitational force. • D.Jupiter’sgravitational force.

10. 9. _____ is the only planet in the solar system known to sustain life. • A.Uranus • C.Earth • B.Mercury • D.Pluto

11. 10.Earth’s atmosphere protects it from • A.high-energy solar particles. • C.spacedebris. • B.ultravioletradiation. • D.Allof the above

12. 11.Astronomers believe _____ was originally a part of Earth. • A.thesun • C.Jupiter • B.themoon • D.Mars

13. 12.According the current theory, the moon was formed • A.togetherwith Earth. • C.froma portion of Earth. • B.separatelyfrom Earth. • D.fromleftover matter.

14. 13.The moon’s surface is covered with • A.craters. • C.ice. • B.oceans. • D.anatmosphere.

15. 14.When the moon is full, the _____ is between the _____ and the _____. • A.moon, sun, Earth • C.Earth, moon, sun • B.sun, Earth, moon • D.moon, sun, Mercury

16. 15.The age of our solar system is approximately • A.2,000 years old. • C.4.6 billion years old. • B.46 billion years old. • D.13.7 billion years old.

17. 16.A rock that strikes the Earth is called a • A.meteor. • C.meteoroid. • B.meteorite. • D.Allof the above

18. 17.During a solar eclipse • A.themoon blocks out the sun. • C.themoon blocks out Earth. • B.thesun blocks out the moon. • D.Earthblocks out the sun.

19. 18.During a lunar eclipse • A.themoon blocks out the sun. • C.themoon blocks out Earth. • B.thesun blocks out the moon. • D.Earthblocks out the sun.

20. 19._____ allow Earth to sustain life. • A.Liquidwater and an oxygen-rich atmosphere • B.Animalsand plants • C.Themoon’s craters and maria • D.Iceand a methane-rich atmosphere

21. 20.The principle that uses the position to determine the relative age of rock layers is called the • A.lawof cross cutting • C.lawof superposition • B.Newton’sLaw • D.lawof horizontality

22. 21.Half lives are used to determine the _____________ age of rocks. • A.relative • C.youngest • B.absolute • D.oldest

23. 22.The principle that states that a layer of rock that cuts across other layers of rock is younger than the rock it cuts through is called the • A.lawof cross cutting • C.lawof superposition • B.Newton’sLaw • D.lawof horizontality

24. 23. A wooden boat is found buried in the ocean. Scientists believe that timbers making up the boat had 10mg of carbon-14 in them when alive. They now have 2.5mg of carbon-14. How old is the boat if the half life of carbon-14 is 5715 years?

25. 24. Potassium-40 has a half-life of 1.3 billion years. If I have a sample which weighs 80 grams, how long will it take for the sample to have only 5 grams of potassium-40 left?

26. 25. The half-life of thorium-230 is 2.25 million years. I have a sample which originally contained 20kg of thorium-230, but now only contains 5 kg of thorium-230. How old is my sample?