Adjectives and Adverbs

1. Adjectives and Adverbs presented by Emanuel Hughley Jr. Professor of English and Journalism Cuyahoga Community College Eastern Campus

2. Adjectives Describes a noun or pronoun. Answers questions Which one? My house in Maine is a log cabin. That book belongs to me. What kind? The yellow Volkswagen belongs to my wife. How many? I own twelve baseball caps. How? (with linking verb) I feel fine.

3. Adverbs An adverb describes verbs, adjectives or other adverbs Answers the question How? That shirt is too big. When? She said that she will arrive soon. Where? I saw the bird fly over my head. Why? Under what circumstances? To what extent?

4. Three forms Positive/basic -- happy Comparative happier more beautiful Superlative happiest most beautiful

5. Comparative Expresses difference between two. One-syllable adjectives or adverbs Add er The bread is warm. The rolls are warmer. Two or more syllables add more The book was shocking The movie was more shocking.

6. Double Comparisons Incorrect: Phoenix is more hotter than San Francisco. Correct: Phoenix is hotter than San Francisco. Incorrect: Jackie is more quieter than Lisa. Correct: Jackie is quieter than Lisa.

7. Superlative Shows difference between three or more. Comparative: The second bell is louder than the first bell. Superlative: The third bell is loudest.

8. Superlative For one syllable add -est. For two or more syllables add most. Wonderful most wonderful For adjectives that end with -y change y to i and add er or -est. funny funnier funniest pretty prettier prettiest ugly uglier ugliest

9. Articles: a, an, the Definite article tells which specific person, place, thing. �the� is a definite article The dancer, the house Indefinite article tells which one of many persons, places, things. �a� and �an� are indefinite articles. a lawyer, an apple.

10. Articles: a, an, the Use �a� before words beginning with consonants. a ball, a house, a girl. Use �an� before words beginning with vowels or vowel sounds. An orange, an elephant, an honest man.

11. Prepositions A preposition shows relationship between two parts of sentence. We are in Room 3403. �in� shows relation between �we� and �Room 3403.� Usually precedes a noun or pronoun. The noun or pronoun is the object of the preposition.

12. Conjunction Links words, phrases, or clauses and signals their relationship as grammatically equal or unequal.

13. Four kinds of conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions or Fanboys For And Nor But Or Yet So Coordinating conjunctions link equal parts of a sentence.

14. Correlative conjunctions both/and Both my mother and my father live in Cleveland, Ohio. either/or Either come inside or leave. neither/nor not only/but Not only do we write, but we read also. whether/ or Whether you are right, or whether you are wrong, we will accept your decision.

15. Subordinating conjunctions Begin adverb clauses Link unequal parts of a sentence Link independent clauses to dependent clauses. He was late for work because he overslept. This is a complex sentence. Independent clause: He was late for work. Dependent clause: because he overslept. because is a subordinating conjunction

16. Conjunctive adverbs Used with semicolon to link independent clauses He has an excellent singing voice; however, he does not sing. This is a compound sentence. He has an excellent singing voice; however, he does not sing because he is shy. This is a compound-complex sentence

17. Interjections A strong expression of feeling. Followed by a comma or exclamation point. Ouch! That hurts! Well! I�ll be a monkey�s uncle. Well, that concludes the show.