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States Of Matter

States Of Matter. Gordon Watson Science Department, Kelso High School. S1 Energy Topic. Introduction. This presentation revises the CD ROM States of Matter. Kinetic Theory. 1. Everything, whether a , a liquid or a gas, is made up of particles. solid. moving.

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States Of Matter

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  1. States Of Matter Gordon Watson Science Department, Kelso High School S1 Energy Topic

  2. Introduction This presentation revises the CD ROM States of Matter S1 Energy Topic

  3. Kinetic Theory 1 Everything, whether a , a liquid or a gas, is made up of particles. solid moving The word means moving and the theory that everything is made up of moving particles is called the theory. kinetic kinetic S1 Energy Topic

  4. Physical Attraction 2 Particles each other. attract They all tend to want to stick together. S1 Energy Topic

  5. Gases 3 The particles of a gas only each other very slightly. attract The particles are more or less to race anywhere they can. free Gases fill any container of any size ( ) or . volume shape There is a lot of between the particles which makes gases very - gases have a low space light density S1 Energy Topic

  6. Liquids 4 attract The particles of a liquid each other much more than the particles of a gas. The particles are loosely attached to their neighbours. However, because they are always , the particles are constantly changing neighbours. moving This means liquids have no fixed - they will fill the bottom of any container. shape Liquids do, however, have a fixed . volume The particles of a liquid are close together so liquids tend to be - liquids have a high . heavy density S1 Energy Topic

  7. Solids 5 attract The particles of a solid each other very strongly. They attract each other so strongly that they stay attracted to the same neighbours. The only moving they can do is to and fro. vibrating This means that solids have a fixed and a fixed . shape volume The particles are all crammed together so solids tend to be - solids have a high . heavy density S1 Energy Topic

  8. Speeding Up Particles 6 vibrate When you heat a solid the particles faster. When you heat a the particles faster, and when you heat a gas the particles whiz round even . liquid move faster energy This is because heat is . When you heat a substance the particles gain . energy faster When particles gain energy they move . S1 Energy Topic

  9. Melting 7 If you heat a solid the particles faster. vibrate At the point some particles are vibrating so fast that they break free of their neighbours. melting They become loosely attached to their new neighbours. They become the particles of a . liquid S1 Energy Topic

  10. Evaporation 8 The particles of a liquid are constantly changing . speed At any one time, some particles are faster than others. moving When a particle is moving quickly at the of a liquid it may break free of its neighbours. It becomes the particle of a gas. surface evaporation This process is called . It can take place at any . temperature S1 Energy Topic

  11. Boiling 9 When a liquid gets hotter, the particles move . faster When a liquid is boiling the particles are so fast they break free of their neighbours. moving They become the particles of a gas. This is happening throughout the liquid - not just at the . surface boiling This process is called . The temperature at which this happens is called the point. boiling S1 Energy Topic

  12. Freezing 10 slower As a liquid cools the particles move . When a liquid is freezing, some of the particles are so sluggishly that they can not break free of other particles when they meet. moving They stay fixed to the same neighbours. They become the particles of a . solid temperature freezing The at which this happens is called the point. S1 Energy Topic

  13. Condensing 11 When a gas cools the particles lose . energy Some particles can no longer break free of other particles when they bump into them. They become loosely attached to other particles - they become the particles of a . liquid condensation This process is called . This happens whenever the of a gas falls to below its point. temperature boiling S1 Energy Topic

  14. Sublimation 12 Some substances go straight from a solid to a gas when you them ........... heat ...... or straight from a gas to a solid when you them. cool They skip out the state altogether. liquid This process is called . sublimation S1 Energy Topic

  15. Summary Particles vibrate gently Strong attractions Fixed shape Fixed volume Particles able to move freely Loose attractions Can change shape Fixed volume Particles able to whiz about Very weak attractions Can change shape Can change volume S1 Energy Topic

  16. States Of Matter S1 Energy Topic

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