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Fit and Healthy

Fit and Healthy. Body systems. The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: takes in _____. The ___________ SYSTEM: transports oxygen and glucose around the body. The SKELETAL and MUSCULAR systems: use the _____ from glucose to allow ________. The DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: takes in ________.

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Fit and Healthy

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  1. Fit and Healthy

  2. Body systems The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: takes in _____ The ___________ SYSTEM: transports oxygen and glucose around the body The SKELETAL and MUSCULAR systems: use the _____ from glucose to allow ________ The DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: takes in ________ Words – energy, movement, oxygen, glucose, circulatory

  3. Balanced diet A balanced diet should contain fats, proteins and carbohydrates in roughly these amounts: It should also contain water, vitamins, minerals and fibre.

  4. Poor diets Lack of… Causes… If we don’t have a balanced diet we may suffer form a “deficiency symptom”:

  5. Muscles and the skeleton Muscles are said to work in “antagonistic pairs”. This is because they oppose each other’s movement: The skeleton does 3 jobs: • It gives the body SHAPE • It allows the body to MOVE • It PROTECTS the major organs

  6. Joints An “immovable” joint “Hinge” joints A “ball and socket” joint A “slightly” movable joint”

  7. A typical joint – the knee Ligaments – hold the joint together Synovial fluid – an oily substance that reduces friction Cartilage – stops the bones from rubbing against each other

  8. The Respiratory System Trachea – has stiff rings of cartilage to prevent it collapsing Bronchi Bronchioles Rib muscles – to raise and lower the ribs Ribs – to protect the chest Lung Alveoli (“air sacs”) – gas exchange takes place here Diaphragm – muscular sheet

  9. Gas exchange • Alveoli are very good at exchanging gases because… • They have a LARGE surface area • They have a good blood supply • They are moist

  10. Smoking • Cigarettes contain 3 harmful things: • NICOTINE, which is an ___________ drug that raises the heart beat, narrows the arteries and so causes ____ _____ _____. This leads to heart _________. • TAR, which coats the lining of the _______ making them less able to take in oxygen. It also contains carcinogens which cause ______________. • CARBON MONOXIDE, which is a _______ ____ which joins up with ____ blood cells making them incapable of transporting _____________ around the body. Words – high blood pressure, oxygen, red, addictive, disease, poisonous gas, lungs, cancer

  11. Damaging the alveoli (emphysema) Before smoking After smoking – less surface area

  12. The effect of drugs Alcohol Solvents Brain damage Personality change Liver damage Hallucinations Bad judgement Addiction Organ damage

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