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ZOOLOGY MASTERS STUDENTS September 2011

LIBRARY TRAINING: WHERE & HOW TO FIND INFORMATION FOR YOUR RESEARCH Pavlinka Kovatcheva, UJ Sciences Librarian, APK pkovatcheva@uj.ac.za. ZOOLOGY MASTERS STUDENTS September 2011. PRESENTATION OUTLINE. 1. Introduction 2. Library orientation - Library Support to Masters Students

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ZOOLOGY MASTERS STUDENTS September 2011

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  1. LIBRARY TRAINING: WHERE & HOW TO FIND INFORMATION FOR YOUR RESEARCH Pavlinka Kovatcheva, UJ Sciences Librarian, APKpkovatcheva@uj.ac.za ZOOLOGY MASTERS STUDENTS September 2011

  2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1. Introduction 2. Library orientation - Library Support to Masters Students - Library Webpage - Library Catalogue (incl. NEW Dewey System for books) - Zoology Subject Portal 3. Engaged in Research: finding information for Literature review 4. Electronic Databases & Internet 5. Reference Techniques 6. Conclusion

  3. Library Support to Masters Students • Zoology Subject Portal – access to relevant resources • Subject Librarian Help with Training, Queries & Searches • Course Reserves (books/articles on Reserve) & Study Collection • MyUJLink (your library account, renew books, save searches) • Inter Campus Loan (borrow books from other Campuses) • Inter Library Loan (Borrow books from other Libraries) • Membership (Letter of Introduction) to Other University Libraries • Access to Library Resources with a library PIN • REMOTE ACCESS to Library Resources (Databases) • Getting started with your Research - Engaged in Research – from Literature Review to writing your thesis - Managing your Literature References (RefWorks) - Plagiarism: How to avoid it? - Citing and Referencing (Harvard method) - Submitting T & D; How to get Published

  4. UJ LIBRARY WEBSITE: http://www.uj.ac.za/library

  5. http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbworks.com/

  6. Zoology Subject Portalhttp://ujsciencelibrarian.pbwiki.com/Zoology

  7. Access to Library Resources (via Zoology Portal)

  8. Log-in to the Library Resources: PIN

  9. LIBRARY CATALOGUE: UJLink http://ujlink.uj.ac.za/

  10. New Classification System for Books: Dewey590 Zoological Sciences

  11. New Classification System for Books: Dewey570 Life Sciences

  12. Engaged in Research: the Research Process • Direct access to Engage in Research (Research web for Biosciences) (http://www.engageinresearch.ac.uk) • Use the Sciences Librarian Portal: Engage in Research: the Research process with step-by-step guidelines: http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbworks.com/Engaged-in-Research

  13. Engaged in Research: the Research Process Getting Started in Science Research Research is an investigation or enquiry into a topic, with the aim to discover, revise or interpret facts. The end result of your research should enhance existing knowledge of your chosen subject area and often provides more questions for you or other researchers to investigate further Choosing your Research Topic For example “Freshwater and Wetlands ecology in SA” Identify Research Questions The research question is the specific aspect of the topic you're interested in. Examples: - What are the consequences of the water users on the environment … - How the pollution affect the wetlands, etc. Research at a Coursework If your coursework involves a research project you may find that you’re given a research topic, but you have to develop the research question. Hypothesis Generating and testing hypotheses is a fundamental aspect of scientific research. But what is a hypothesis? A hypothesis is an educated ‘guess’ at what the results of a piece of research will be.

  14. Reviewing Literature:Literature Review Literature Review This is where you read around your research topic, using both primary and secondary sources. The aim of a literature review is to understand the background theory and to find all of the important research (or the vast majority at least!) that has been conducted on your topic. Where to look for information • Sciences Librarian Portal (http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbworks.com) or • Zoology Subject Portal (http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbworks.com/Zoology) • Search the Library Catalogue, Databases, Internet, etc.

  15. Secondary Resources Secondary Sources: for Background information on the topic • Print Books: UJLink: Library Catalogue • Online Books & References: CRC EnvironetBase; AccessScience; Oxford Reference Online • Websites (Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Water Research Commission, etc.) • Journal Reviews - Although scientific journals are generally classed as primary literature, they may also contain review articles on a subject which are 'technically' classed as secondary sources of information. Review articles discuss previous research on a particular topic, but don't present new results.

  16. Primary Resources Researchers rely on peer-reviewed primary literature more than secondary literature. This is partly because they are extremely specific in terms of the subject area, but also because primary literature represents the cutting-edge of science. • Scientific papers (peer-reviewed journals): Search the databases from your Zoology Subject Portalfor the latest research on your topic (ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library; SpringerLink, ISI Science Citation Index, Waters & Oceans Worldwide, etc.) • Conference proceedings: Researchers often present the results of their work at national and international science conferences. Each presenter provides a written overview of their presentation and this is given to conference attendees in the form of a 'conference proceeding'. (Databases) • Dissertations: Review T & D for current and completed research (why, where to search).Dissertations (sometimes called theses) are produced by MSc and PhD students. (Search the UJLink: Library Cataloguefor UJ T & D; UJDigispace for online T & D; Consult other available resources on the Subject Portal.

  17. Identify the Key Concepts and Keywords By determining the key concepts and keywords before searching on a topic, you save your time. For example, your Topic is: “Fish histology as a biomarker of aquatic pollution”. Next decide on concepts and keywords for searching • fish histology; biomarker; aquatic pollution - Use synonyms or related keywords They will become basis of your search strategy

  18. Boolean Search Operators When searching the UJ Library Catalogue, the Databases or the Internet websites, using Boolean Operators helps you broaden or narrow your search and its results. ANDnarrows your search For example: Fish histology AND biomarker will retrieve information in which both keywords are used ORbroadens your search You will retrieve results in which either word or both appear in the article For example: oxystele variagata OR oxystele impervia ; oxystele variagata OR variegated topshel NOTexcludes certain terms Your search results will exclude the term after NOT Phrase Search Use the quotation marks to search for results that contained those words together, rather than search for all instances of each separate word

  19. Example for a Search Strategy

  20. HOW TO FIND FULL-TEXT JOURNALS: UJLINK: LIBRARY CATALOGUEA – TO – Z JOURNAL LISTOPEN ACCESS SCIENCE JOURNALS

  21. HOW TO FIND SPECIFIC JOURNALS IN PRINT AND ONLINE: : UJLink Search for Print & Electronic Journals per TITLE

  22. HOW TO FIND SPECIFIC JOURNALS IN PRINT AND ONLINE: A-to-Z LIST Search for Online & Print JOURNAL

  23. Journals search: A-to-Z LIST

  24. HOW TO FIND ARTICLES FOR A RESEARCH TOPICdatabases searchesGOOGLE SCHOLAR

  25. Finding Current Information in Online DatabasesJournal Articles Search • You are required to search for Journal Articles References (current/ latest information on a subject, print or online) Consider the use of the Online Databases available in the library. For example: • Parasitology Databases (1 user; abstracts with some full-text links) • ISI Science Citation Index (Bibliographic) • ScienceDirect (full-text articles from 1995+) • SpringerLink (full-text articles from vol.1) • Wiley Online Library (full-text articles from 1997+) • Cambridge Journals Online (full-text 1997+, incl. “Parasitology” journal) • EbscoHost (full-text + abstracts only) More databases available on the Zoology Subject Portal: http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbwiki.com/Zoology

  26. Zoology Databases: Search for Academic Articles

  27. How to Search the Online Databases for Journal Articles • Go to the Sciences Librarian Portal or to Zoology Subject Portal • Click on: Top Zoology Databases • If you are off-campus your Surname & Student number gives you an access; • Click on a relevant Database to get started with your search. (see the suggested databases) • If the Database opens with a list of individual Databases, please choose the ones you would like to search-in and click on Search/Continue; • The databases have Basic and Advanced search screen options; • NOTE: Each database can be searched with the help of THESAURES, TOPICS, INDEXES.

  28. How to Search the Online Databases for Journal Articles • In the Search/Find box, type the terms/keywords representing your topic (For South African information, please add “South Africa” as a keyword) • You can combine your keywords with the Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to narrow or broaden your search; • Additional limitations, which can narrow your search results are: full-text articles only, years you want to search, type of documents you want to retrieve (scholarly journals; magazines, books, dissertations, etc.). • If no results are displayed, check your spelling, change your keywords, use less keywords, add a keyword or use a synonym for the keyword;

  29. Parasitology Database (1user) SEARCH BY USING VARIOUS KEYWORDS

  30. Results list • Search Terms Used • Abstracts • Ranking of results • Links to UJLink

  31. RefWorksAn online research management, writing and collaboration tool --  to help researchers easily gather, manage, store and share all types of information, as well as generate citations and bibliographies

  32. Finding & Evaluating Information on Internet You are asked to cite no more than 3 Internet Resources How to evaluate Internet Resources? - Author (person or organisation) Look at the URL for: ac, edu, gov, org… websites • Content (reliable, accurate, objective, the user group) • Layout (functional and practical, etc.) • Date (how recent is the information)

  33. Organising & Evaluating Your References/Information Information Overload? Not enough references? • Plan your Search Strategy (keywords, Booleans, Databases) • Make sure you keep track of your references (print, save full-text) • Evaluate the sources you have found, paying attention to their relevance, purpose, value, accuracy, and authors’ credibility. • Remember that Internet sources should also be evaluated for bias and inaccuracies, and you should pay attention to whether the sites present facts or opinions. • As you start to create an outline of your project or paper, note areas where you need more information. • Organise your information so you find what you need, when you need it

  34. Acknowledging Resources (Referencing & Citing) • From the start of your University career, particularly when you produce written work and presentations, you will be expected to acknowledge any sources eg books, papers, web sites, etc that you have used in the production of your work. • Consult the Plagiarism Portal available through the Sciences Librarian Portal (http://ujsciencelibrarian.pbwiki.com/Library-Resources%3A-Plagiarism) • Consult the Harvard method reference techniques – available on the Sciences Portal • Consult your supervisor, which Harvard method you need to follow. It could be a specific ZOOLOGY JOURNAL.

  35. REFERENCE TECHNIQUES To access full Reference Techniques document, go to the Library main page: http://www.uj.ac.za/library Click on: Reference Techniques OR Consult the reference techniques from “African Zoology” Online full-text access: SA E-Publications or Academic Search Complete (EbscoHost)

  36. REFERENCE TECHNIQUES: TERMINOLOGY • Citation: recognizing resources in-text (to support an “argument”/conclusion) • Reference list: List of resources used – bibliographic details • Bibliography: list of relevant documents – used and additional reading material

  37. REFERENCE TECHNIQUES Avoid Plagiarism by: • Keeping a record of all the sources - books, e-mails, lectures (when, who, what?) • Linking own ideas with that obtained from sources • Collecting/using a wide range of sources • Acknowledge, acknowledge, acknowledge!

  38. Basic in-text referencing (citing) In-text reference where the author of the source is known Simply use whatever you used as author in the reference, as well as the year of publication. Always insert the page number where possible. Examples: …the result of this is a “technical super identity” (Erikson, 1967:20). Azar and Martin (1999) found that… (As part of the sentence) …thus Cox (1966:52) refers to the modern urbanite as… In-text reference to more than one source: In-text reference to more than one author should be ordered alphabetically. Examples: More recent studies (Bartlett, 1992; James, 1998) show that… The researchers (Bartlett, 1992:54; Brown, 1876:56; James, 1998:45) refer to…

  39. GENERAL FORMS FOR REFERENCE LISTS Non-periodical Author, A.A. (1994). Title of work. Location: Publisher. Non-periodicals include items published separately: books, reports,brochures, certain monographs, manuals, and audiovisual media. Part of a Non-periodical Author, A.A. & Author, B.B. (1994). Title of chapter. In Title of book. Edited by Editor, A., Editor, B. & Editor, C. Location: Publisher. Periodical Author, A.A., Author, B.B. & Author, C.C. (1994). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx:xxx-xxxx. (Volume/Issue number/Pages) Periodicals include items published on a regular basis: journals, magazines, scholarly newsletters, etc. Online periodical Author, A.A., Author, B.B. & Author, C.C. (2000). Title of article. Title of periodical, xx:xxx-xxxx. (Volume/Issue number/Pages) Available from: web address (Accessed day Month year). Online document Author, A.A. (2000). Title of work. Available from: web address (Accessed day Month year).

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