SMOS L1 Processor Prototype Phase 5 SODAP Activities

1. SMOS L1 Processor Prototype Phase 5SODAP Activities L1PP Team José Barbosa1, António Gutiérrez1, Rita Castro1, Sofia Freitas1, 1DEIMOS Engenharia

2. Results to presented were obtained during the 3 SODAP Weeks, as well as in the last Week of LEOP Studies until now have been mostly qualitative

3. Week 00 1st On-Ground Calibrated Image • Using IVT data (Stability 11), on-ground calibration files were produced: • G and J+ Matrices (for Image Reconstruction) • Correlated Noise Injection (for Calibration) • Switch On () dump at ESAC was processed by L1PP, resulting in an image at first try V-pol H-pol

4. Week 01 Preliminary In-Orbit Calibration • Due to the CMN locking problems, a patch was done on the Correlated Noise Injection file. • This in-orbit calibration file replaced the on-ground calibration one Patched FWF Amplitude from In-Orbit Calibration FWF Amplitude from In-Orbit Calibration Comparison with IVT

5. Week 01 Effects of In-Orbit Calibration (Patched) In-Orbit Calibration On-Ground Calibration Diffs. Between On-Ground and In-Orbit • Australia Coastline • No Flat Target Applied • No Foreign Sources Removed

6. Week 02 First Sky View • 2 mins in inertial pointing to (a, d) = (154.8, 32.3) deg, starting at 7:53:00 • However, the instrument was pointing to a flat zone of the sky for more than those two mins. Average TB for each scene in External Observation. Dashed zone corresponds to Inertial Pointing (H-pol; Blue – AF-FOV; Green - Hexagon) Antenna Boresight for H-pol

7. Week 02 First Sky View (2 Mins Inertial) • External Target imaging processed with • No Flat Target applied • (Patched) In-Orbit Calibration • No U-noise correction Radiometric Sensitivity (H-pol) TB for scene with smaller standard deviation (H-pol) -> Similar results as in IVT; -> For the Time Averaged Temperature, T = 5.87 K, with s = 4.32 K -> Even for “poorly” calibrated data, the Radiometric Sensitivity is within good limits!

8. Week 02 First Sky View First Flat Target ADF • Criteria used by L1PP v3.2 to generate Flat Target ADF: • Sky pointing • RMS for pointing direction < 0.5 K L1PP generated FTTs with sky scenes obtained with non-inertial attitude Australia Coastline - No Foreign Sources Removed Flat Target generated with L1PP 3.2 criteria Flat Target generated with Inertial Pointing Diffs: 3.5 K difference due to different scenes selected to generate FTT

9. Week 02 LO Calibration Sequence/Calibration Consolidation • 20th November – 1st In Orbit Calibration • 4th December – 1st Local Oscilator sequence • L1PP identified the sequences and consolidated them into a Correlated Noise Injection Product Coastlines and lakes well defined!

10. Week 02 LO Events Several events where the LO lost lock were recorded in week 02 and were shown to be associated with the South Atlantic Anomaly and Antarctica

11. Week 02 LO Events Tracking Two new mechanisms were proposed by ESA/CASA: • Events can be recognized when both LO Lock and LO Power flags are raised in the telemetry. • Method has been implemented in L1PP • Only condition of two active flags can be used (just one flag raises many false positives) • 3 out of 7 events recognized • LO locked to incorrect frequency can be tracked by comparing each segment 1-spacing correlations with hinge correlations • Being implemented in L1PP • Both methods must be used in conjunction

12. Week 02 RFI detection Two new mechanisms are being studied: • T3 and T4 (very noisy) • System Temperatures Average (still some false positives)

13. Week 02 First orbits with LO calibration, after Switch On on 3rd December • First Calibration Data collected at 2009-12-04 at 04.05 • LO sequence every 6 minutes (total of 93 sequences used for spline) • (example of FWF phases collected for baseline A_02xB_15) • Processed all science data collected after first LO calibration was received (used also PMS and FWF amplitude calibration data from 20th November)

14. Week 02 First orbits with LO calibration, after Switch On on 3rd December • Strong Focusing of RFIs observed but still strong perturbation of images

15. Week 02 First orbits with LO calibration, after Switch On on 3rd December • Image taken before LO calibration was available • (scale reduced to enhance RFIs)

16. Week 02 First orbits with LO calibration, after Switch On on 3rd December • Image taken after LO calibration was available • (scale reduced to enhance RFIs)

17. L1PP Performance Data Collected in L1PP machine at ESAC, 24 h of simulated data w/calibration • 1 core • Average L1a to L1b: 2455.56 s • Average L1b to L1c: 8263.89 s • Average L1a to L1c: 10719.4 s • 4 cores • Average L0 to L1a: 33.37 s • Average L1a to L1b: 1006.40 s • Average L1b to L1c: 3094.44 s • Average L0 to L1c: 4134.22 s

18. L1PP Performance • L1a • Solved segmentation fault caused by large quantities of TLM_1A files in cache. • Calibration sequences correctly detected by L1PP • Implementation of preliminary algorithm to track LO events • L1b • Implemented Sun Removal in the back of the instrument • Flat Target Generator corrected to use only scenes in inertial pointing to generate FTTX ADF • Conclusions from last UPC/DME xval, wrt to (u,v) frame in GMAT generation has been confirmed by In-Orbit data (no mirored images) • L1c • Performance of Geolocation routines scales well with number of processor cores, urgent tasks can be completed in almost real time.

19. New Tasks The following set of tasks has been added to the Commissioning Plan for the L1PP Team • L1a • Continue tracking LO events and update algorithm accordingly • Check behaviour of L1PP when L0 packets are missing or OBET jumps • L1b • Start analysing performance of Foreign Sources Removal algorithms • RFI Mitigation algorithms • L1c • Provide data for L2 teams, upon request

20. Annex – Images Collected Full Atlantic

21. Annex – Images Collected North America

22. Annex – Images Collected South America and Australia

23. Annex – Images Collected Pacific

24. Annex – Images Collected South Pole