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ISPRS / Canadian Geomatics Conference June 14 – 18, 2010

Developing Airborne Sensor and Data Network Interface Standards. ISPRS / Canadian Geomatics Conference June 14 – 18, 2010. Jeff Myers Carl Sorenson Univ. of California, Santa Cruz NASA Ames Research Center. WG-I TOR 2. Goal:

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ISPRS / Canadian Geomatics Conference June 14 – 18, 2010

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  1. Developing Airborne Sensor and Data Network Interface Standards ISPRS / Canadian Geomatics ConferenceJune 14 – 18, 2010 Jeff Myers Carl Sorenson Univ. of California, Santa Cruz NASA Ames Research Center

  2. WG-I TOR 2 • Goal: • “Develop airborne sensor interface format standards, in coordination with other working groups, to promote maximum sensor portability between aircraft, and increasing science yield from the sensors”

  3. Basic Factors for Instrument Portability • Mechanical Accommodation (mounts, windows, ports, antennas, inlets, etc.) • - Airworthiness certification • - Safety (active systems, gas bottles, etc.) • Electrical power (28V DC, 110V/440Hz AC) • - Connectors & polarity • - Hard-wired controls • 3. Data communications: - From aircraft to sensor - From sensor to aircraft(& beyond)

  4. Instrument Portability: Data Communication Requirements • Data from aircraft to sensor: - Command and control - Aircraft state data (navigation, met data, etc.) (RS-232,-422, ARINC-429,-1553, Synchro, etc) • - GPS antenna feeds (L1/L2, OmniStar, etc. • Data from sensor to aircraft (& beyond) - System health and status, engineering data - Science data (high and low rate content) • Most requirements can be satisfied via a single Ethernet connection (may include AIRINC-664 for low-latency state data) • Common data formats are essential

  5. Common Data Formats: The IWGADTS* IWG1 Standard Packet • It is designed to provide a common aircraft housekeeping data format to replace all the various legacy formats on the different science aircraft. • The Interagency Working Group Standard Format Number 1 (IWG1) is a simple ASCII CSV format which is transmitted as a UDP packet at 1 Hz. • Currently in use on the NASA and NSF/NCAR platforms. • Example Packet: • “IWG1,yyyymmddThhmmss,value,value,value,,value\r\n” • http://www.eol.ucar.edu/raf/Software/iwgadts/IWG1_Def.html *Intergovernmental Working Group for Airborne Data and Telemetry Standards

  6. Enabling Standards: Instrument Communication Formats • From Aircraft: • - IWG1 Standard housekeeping data broadcast (ASCII CSV) --- • - International Standard Port 7071 Ex: “IWG1, Timestamp, std aircraft state parameters, + as needed” • http://www.eol.ucar.edu/raf/Software/iwgadts/IWG1_Def.html • From Instrument: • Instrument status and low-rate data CSV packets (1 Hz broadcast by instrument) Ex: “Instrument identifier, time stamp, status code, up to 16 parms” • Arbitrary data packet (Bidirectional, port-to-port)

  7. Example Implementation: RQ4-A Global Hawk Payload Support Infrastructure • Payload communication on the NASA Global Hawk aircraft is implemented using an airborne 100-T Ethernet network with a port for each instrument • Network services include: • Housekeeping data broadcast • Bi-directional sat-com connections • Payload status monitoring • Shared mass data storage • GIS database server • Time synchronization • Uses IWGADTS standards

  8. Global Hawk UAS Payload Communications & Control System Instrument Power & Control PI Hardware Aircraft HW Payload Instruments Interface Panels (8) Master Payload Control System& PDU Ethernet Link Module (Database & Telemetry I/O) Network Host AIRCRAFT GROUND Iridium (4 ch) Ku-Band Sat-Com Iridium (2 ch) Global Hawk Ground Operations Center Web-Based Users GHOC Link Server Flight Deck Pilot’s MPCS GUI Experimenter Workstations Visualization Tools

  9. The Real-Time Airborne Science DataNetwork Architecture B200, Small UAS DC-8, P-3, ER-2, WB-57 Global Hawk, Ikhana INMARSAT-BGAN & Iridium Sat-Com Ku-Band & Iridium Sat-Com DFRC GHOC Satellite Products Airborne Science Web Portal Provides: Science Data Bases, CDE, OGC Web Services, KML Generators, Data Visualization Tools Portable Ground Stations Model Inputs • Sensor Webs Web-Based Mission Participants

  10. Instrument Power & Control Interfaces GPS (coax insert) AC Circuit #1 AC Circuit #2 DC Circuit #2 DC Circuit #1 IRIG-B (coax insert) Safety Interlock Circuit The New NASA Standard Experimenter Interface Panel (Intended for Global Hawk, ER-2, WB-57, and others) Available Signals: • Two (2) sets of 3ф, 400Hz AC (Phases A,B,C + Neutral; 10 Amps/phase) • Two (2) sets of 28VDC power + return (15 Amps ea.) • Safety Interlock circuit – both contacts of a normally open relay • GPS (L1/L2 Omnistar) • IRIG-B Connector: D38999/20WG-16SN (16x AWG #16) Experimenter Interface Panel (EIP)

  11. Instrument Ethernet Data Interfaces Airborne Ethernet Switch Quadrax RJ45 Field Network Host (REVEAL/NASDAT) Ethernet Connectors – Two Types • Amphenol D38999/III Quadrax • ARINC-664 recommendation • Very high reliability, more expensive • One insert for 100Mbit, two for Gig-E • Amphenol PCD RJ Field – RJ45 in 38999 Shell • Less reliability, cheaper • Recommendation: • Quadrax for permanent installation on the plane (Server, EIP, feed-throughs, etc.) • Instruments have option of Quadrax or RJ45 Field; use adapters as needed

  12. Summary • The aircraft network is a standard Ethernet TCP/IP LAN with 10/100T ports. • Instruments are required to include an Ethernet interface and to provide a simple Comma Separated Value (CSV) status packet • Connections to the switches are made with standard RJ45 or ruggedized RJ45 connectors • Instruments are required to implement Universal Time Code • synchronization via Network Time Protocol (NTP), IRIG-B, • or GPS signal. • Routing of any direct connections to the ground via the wide band satcom link, when available, is done using Network Address Translation (NAT) using the aircraft router

  13. Towards an Integrated Sensor Web for Environmental Observation Courtesy MBARI

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