The Election of 1816 “The Demise of the Federalist Party”

2. The Election of 1816 “The Demise of the Federalist Party”

4. Sectionalism: Northern Leaders Daniel Webster, Massachusetts J.Q. Adams, Massachusetts Martin Van Buren, New York

5. Sectionalism: Southern Leaders • John C. Calhoun, South Carolina • William Crawford, Georgia

6. Sectionalism: Western Leaders • Andrew Jackson, Tennessee • William Henry Harrison, Indiana • Henry Clay, Kentucky • Thomas Hart Benton , Missouri

7. Henry Clay (1777 - 1852) US Senator from Kentucky Speaker of the US House of Representatives (Kentucky) Secretary of State under John Quincy Adams Perennial Presidential Loser (lost to President John Quincy Adams in 1824, to President Andrew Jackson in 1832, and to President James K. Polk in 1844) Henry Clay

8. Henry Clay speaker of the house Tariff of 1816 Second bank of the US 1816-1836 Internal improvements at the federal expense American System, Nationalistic Economic Program

9. The American System • WEST got roads, canals, and federal aide. • EAST got the backing of protective tariffs from the West. • SOUTH  ??

10. The American System Henry Clay 1777 - 1852

12. The Erie Canal • 1817 – 1825. • 363 miles Albany to Buffalo. • Much further than any other American or European canal.

14. The American System The National (Cumberland) Road

15. Adams-Onis Treaty

16. Adams – Onis Treaty 1817-1819 • What was it? Transfer of Florida • Who was it between? Spain and the U.S. • What did it concern? Seminole Indians • What was the outcome? The U.S got Florida

17. The Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 “The Transcontinental Treaty”

18. Rush-Bagot Treaty

19. Rush-Bagot Treaty 1817 What was it? Disarmament Pact Who was it between? Great Britain and the U.S. What did it concern?The Great Lakes Region What was the outcome? Created the Longest unfortified/peaceful border in the world

20. Convention of 1818

21. Convention of 1818 • What was it? Further improved relations between the U.S. and Great Britain • Who was it between? U.S. & Great Britain • What did it concern? 1. Fishing Rights 2. Join occupation of the Oregon Country 3. Set boundary at the 49th Parallel • What was the outcome? Great Peace between the U.S. and Great Britain

22. The Convention of 1818

23. The West and N.W. 1816-1824

24. Rush-Bagot Treaty Convention of 1818 Adams-Onis Treaty

26. US Population Density 1810 1820

27. The Election of 1820

28. The Monroe Doctrine • What was it? A unilateral decree that the U.S. had the right to REFUSE European expansion into the Western Hemisphere • Who was it between? The U.S. & Europe • What did it concern? Further European Imperialism • What was the outcome? European nations NEVER violated it

31. The Monroe Doctrine • Referred to as “America’s Self-Defense Doctrine” What warning is given to the European countries? What foreign policy principles are established? Monroe Doctrine What would the US do if the warning was not headed?

38. Missouri Compromise 1820 • What was it? A dilemma over admission of Missouri ( a slave state) when there was no Free-State available. • Who was it between? Northern and Southern factions in Congress • What did it concern? Maintaining the balance between Slave and Free States • What was the outcome? The “balance” is maintained

39. "This momentous question, like a fire-bell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the death knell of the Union ... my only consolation is to be, that I live not to weep over it." Thomas Jefferson

41. Mc Culluch v Maryland • What was it? A challenge of the U.S. Bank by the State of Maryland • Who was it between? The State of Maryland and the U.S. Government • What did it concern? The right of the U.S. Bank to “exist” • What was the outcome? The U.S. Government is Supreme

42. McCulloch v MarylandConstitutionality of the Bank of the United States (BUS) was in questionBank not SPECIFICALLY mentioned in the Constitution“The power to tax is the power to destroy”

43. Dartmouth College v Woodward • What was it? An attempt by the State of New Hampshire to make “public” Dartmouth • Who was it between? The State of New Hampshire ( rep. by the Sec’y of the NEW Bd. Of Trustees) and the Board of Trustees of the College Dartmouth • What did it concern? Contract Law • What was the outcome? Contracts cannot be overturned by outside parties – Contract Clause

44. Dartmouth College v Woodward • New Hampshire wanted to alter Dartmouth Charter – from private to public college • Ruled that states could not alter contracts, regardless of age or condition of when contract was made • Created the need to place clauses in contracts for revision or revokation

45. Gibbons v Ogden • What was it? A contract dispute over Interstate (between one or more states) Commerce (trade) • Who was it between? Gibbons, Ogden, N.Y. State and the U.S. Government • What did it concern? “Who” has the right over Interstate Commerce • What was the outcome? The Federal (U.S.) Government has the right over Interstate Commerce

46. Gibbons v. Ogden Aaron Ogden (had a NY ONLY charter -) Licensed by the Legislature of New York State >>>>>> favored Ogden favored Gibbons <<<< Thomas Gibbons (had a - NY to NJ/NJ to NY charter) Licensed by the U.S. Congress