STEM - Pathways An Industry Perspective The Importance of a Well Prepared Science and Technology Workforce October 25,

1. STEM - Pathways An Industry Perspective The Importance of a Well Prepared Science and Technology Workforce October 25, 2003 Patrick Rivera Antony, Ph.D. Director – University Relations World Headquarters The Boeing Company Chicago IL 031025_Boeing University Relations - STEM_Antony

2. Boeing: A Global Enterprise Defining the Future of Aerospace Integrated Defense Systems Shared Services Air Traffic Management Commercial Airplanes Phantom Works Technology and Research Education and Lifelong Learning Intellectual Capital Next-Generation Workforce Boeing Capital Corporation Connexion by BoeingSM Integrated Defense Systems

3. Technical Workforce • People with technical capability will be needed in the • future to sustain growth and bring new innovation to • improve quality of life throughout the world • The retirement of the “baby boom” generation will • accentuate the need for new talent in the next decade • Improvements to design/build/service processes and • tools will partially offset some of this demand • Globalization will open new pools of technical talent; • in the US, most foreign students return home to work; • Industry may pursue talent around the globe • In the USA, the increased percentage of Hispanics and • African Americans, coupled with the need for Women, • will factor into the effort to assure a “pipeline” of talent

4. Future Engineering Need & Supply (Notional) Practicing Engineers (USA) Most growth comes in the Computing Technology field Need How do We Fill the Gap? 1.3M* Current Workforce 2010 2000 2020 Years * Note: Total workforce with Science & Engineering education exceeds 10M, 30+% work in S&E; Engineering accounts for 1.9M degrees and 1.3M working in the field, (NSF Science and Engineering Indicators 2000)

5. Aerospace Engineering* Need & Supply(Notional) • Economic growth • Increased population • Growth in commerce • Globalization • National security • Societal challenges and • needs (environment, etc.) Aerospace Industry Engineers (USA) Growth ? Consolidation ~66K* • Mechanization • Better tools & methods • Better productivity • Use non-USA talent Years 2000 2010 2020 *“Aerospace Engineering” needs include aerospace, mechanical, electrical, computing, etc. in the USA Data based on Bureau of Labor Statistics

6. There are Needs for Engineering the 21st Century Engineers apply knowledge and skill to create products & services that are useful to mankind 20th Century21st Century 3 B people 9 B people Global Vision 2050 Automobile Highways Air Conditioning Airplanes Space Communications Computing Internet Medical Tech Defense High - Bandwidth Computing Communications Integrated Transportation Miniaturization Nano & Materials Bio-Med & Genetics Alt. Fuels Environmental Security & Safety

7. Aerospace: Important in the 21st Century Security* Defense and protection Quality of Life People & Goods on the move Travel People & places Global Connected Worldwide Public Good Safety, Environment, Throughput Curiosity Scale: Nano to Space Economics Strong economic contribution Trade Largest USA export * Since “9/11” Security has taken on a new significance BOEING: “Protect & Connect”

8. What is Boeing’s Technical Workforce Of the Future? • Nature of our future business • - Core + New Frontiers • - Large scale integration • - Global workforce • - More effective tools & processes • Technical company needs technical people • Skill needs will mature • - Basic technical skill • - Depth and breadth • - Knowledge management • - Moving to “wisdom” • Nature of work will change

9. Skills: Engineering Job Content Will Move Up the Value Chain 1975 2000 2025 KM Wisdom Requirements Requirements Requirements Integration Integration Integration Design Design Design Methods Methods Methods Basics Basics Basics Data Knowledge Management (Knowledge “Re-use”) Information Technology affects Work Content

10. CURRENT (EST.) Desired Engineering Activity BreakdownLess “Overhead; More “Application” Too much “mechanics” “Wisdom” & “Judgment”

11. A good understanding of engineering science fundamentals Mathematics (including statistics) Physical and life sciences Information technology (far more than “computer literacy”) A good understanding of design and manufacturing processes A multi-disciplinary, systems perspective A basic understanding of the context in which engineering is practiced Economics (including business) History The environment Customer and societal needs Good communication skills Written Oral Graphic Listening High ethical standards An ability to think both critically and creatively - independently and cooperatively Flexibility. The ability and self-confidence to adapt to rapid or major change Curiosity and a desire to learn for life A profound understanding of the importance of teamwork. “Desired Attributes of an Engineer” Boeing list from 1994 still holds, exemplified by ABET EC2000

12. Future Workforce May Be Different • High tech: Connected, tele-living, tele-working • Demographic stress (replace retiring/accommodating • boomers) • Diversity - more than ever • Global - business imperative • Self-employment will rise • Knowledge management workers • Life long learning, beyond initial college Ed Barlow, SME Conference, 6/1/01

13. Future Business Depends On Diversity • Agile, innovative companies need talent with diversity, • including teams of different disciplines, linear and non-linear • thinkers, working together attitudes, etc • Diversity of thinking can stimulate innovation • - This may mean that new talent needs to come from • a variety of schools in different parts of the country • The nature of America’s population is changing and • all types of talent need to be tapped • - Women and ethnic minorities must be recruited • to meet future needs. • - Hispanic and African American populations will • swell in the future.

14. Engineering Isn’t Just “Applied Science” Engineering is about applying knowledge (in a systems sense) from a broad range of disciplines (including mathematics, science, economics and information technology) to create products, services and processes that meet societal needs and enhance the quality of life. Technical Problems Humanities & Liberal Arts “Why” Science “What” Engineering “How” • Understanding • Human and societal needs • Ethics • Compassion • Understanding • Facts and data • Tools & techniques • Possibilities and • opportunities Solutions (products, services, etc.) of Value to Society

15. Meeting global needs for today and the future.

16. Technical Workforce Pipeline • Our future depends on Capable Technical Workforce • Aerospace is a “niche” segment of the field • We need to do our part to assure a “pipeline” of talent • This is a “holistic” effort • Our support should have these aspects: • - Support for K-12 kids and teachers • - Education goes beyond giving money • - Volunteerism is important • - Support for college students and selected schools • - Acceptance that we all have a role in Continued Education • - Education doesn’t stop with the Degree • - Company relationship is significant • - Personal involvement is important

17. How can we help the pipeline • The overall need for technical workers will continue. • Many youth are in the system, but only a few take up • the Engineering and Technical career path. More need • to be encouraged in the technical direction, particularly • in the K-12 segment. • Many technical people go on to other occupations later • in their career. Engineering offers numerous career paths. • Industry can play several roles by encouraging • both Students & the Education System: • - Science, Math & Technical aspects in K-12 Education • - Technical education, access & diversity in College • - Continual Learning for Industry Employees

18. Preparing Engineers for Their Career • Engineering Education has made great strides through • the acceptance of the ABET EC2000quality standard for • accreditation. This concept allows schools to balance • their Technical, Engineering and Computer programs • to produce well-educated graduates. • There is only so much material that can be covered in a • four-year program; much has to be devoted to the basics • of science, math and engineering fundamentals. • Industry and the new graduate have to accept their roles • in continuing the specifics education process. This must • include “on-the-job” experience, formal internal training, • and formal external education via the Education system.

19. Undergraduate Education is Full “The Basics” Humanities & Professional Skills Basic Math, Science & Computing Design & Manufacturing Applied Math, Science & Computing 135 Credit Hours are fully subscribed in today’s nominal “4 year” program Ref: John McMasters

20. Post-Graduate Learning Must Continue “The Specifics” • On-the-Job Education • Practice & learn the job • Technical proficiency • Learn the business • Internal Formal Training • Computer training courses, eg, CATIA • Processes and tools training • System integration • External Continuing Education • Professional short courses • University courses • Advanced degree program Professional Development requires Continuous Learning