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William of Orange and James II

William of Orange and James II. By Zoë Hayward. Born on November 4 th 1650 in the Hague. His father William II of Orange died of small pox before he was born. His mother also died of small pox when he was 10 years old.

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William of Orange and James II

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  1. William of Orange and James II By Zoë Hayward

  2. Born on November 4th 1650 in the Hague. His father William II of Orange died of small pox before he was born. His mother also died of small pox when he was 10 years old. He was brought up to lead the House of Orange and become a head of state of the Dutch Republic. He learned to be distrustful and have a sharp understanding from an early age. William Of Orange

  3. William of Orange • In 1677 he married his cousin Mary, who was the eldest daughter of James the Duke of York, who was the brother of Charles II and heir to the English throne. • William married Mary as he hoped it would gain another ally to help defeat Louis XIV the French King. • William and Mary’s marriage was encouraged by people as they were protestant which meant there would not be catholic heir to the throne.

  4. James II • Was married to the catholic princess from Italy. • Was next in line to throne after his brother Charles II. • Charles II died in 1685 meaning James became King James II. • Many people in England were suspicious of a catholic monarch. • In summer 1688 his wife had a son confirming the public’s worst fears, a succession of catholic monarchs.

  5. The Invasion • In 1688 William invaded England as he and Mary were no longer the next heir to the throne. • Many protestant Englishmen supported William. • James II chose not to fight and fled to France. • In early 1689 the English parliament offered William and Mary the throne as joint monarchs. This was known as the “Glorious Revolution”. • William III of Orange was William III of England and Ireland and William II of Scotland.

  6. The Battle of the Boyne • In March 1689 James II landed in Ireland with French troops supplied by William of Orange’s enemy, Louis XIV. • James II used Ireland as his base to invade Ireland and recover the throne. • However William raised a huge army, the largest ever seen in Ireland. • In 1690 James was defeated and fled to France. • The battle secured a protestant influence in Ireland.

  7. Afterwards • In 1694 Mary died of small pox, William was distraught. • He continued to rule but in 1702 his horse tripped on a molehill causing him to break his collarbone. • William’s health deteriorated rapidly. He died on the 8th March 1702. • This brought an end to the House of Orange as there were no more heirs.

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