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The Science of the Smallest and the Largest

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Altuğ Özpineci Physics Department, METU ozpineci@metu.edu.tr. The Science of the Smallest and the Largest. Physics is not about formulas, it is about understanding nature. What is Physics. Searching for the Smallest. An ancient question:

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The Science of the Smallest and the Largest

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  1. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Altuğ Özpineci Physics Department, METU ozpineci@metu.edu.tr The Science of the Smallest and the Largest

  2. Physics is not about formulas, it is about understanding nature What is Physics

  3. Searching for the Smallest • An ancient question: • Given a magic knife and unlimited time, how long can you keep on dividing a material into two? • Atomists: there are indivisible blocks, called atoms (Leucippus, Democritus 5th Century BC) • Continuum theory: Aristotle 4th Century BC)

  4. Searching for the Smallest • A Modern Question: • What are the fundamental building blocks of matter? • Fundamental building block ~ “atom” in atomistic theory

  5. Searching for the Smallest • A Glossary: • Building blocks of matter ~ atom • Particle accelerator ~ magic knife(huge microscope) • High integrated luminosity ~ unlimited time

  6. Angels and Damonsby Dan Brown

  7. Anti-Matter • Anti matter has the same properties (like the mass) as ordinary matter but opposite charge • Anti-electron (positron) first predicted in 1928 by P.A.M. Dirac and discovered experimentally 4 years later.

  8. Electron-PositronAnnihilation into Quarks

  9. Quark-anti-Quark Annihilationinto Different Quarks

  10. What is force? F = Δp/Δt

  11. Fundamental Particles and Forces

  12. Why do particles have mass?What is mass?

  13. Energy Distribution of the Universe

  14. How Do We Know The Internal Structure of Matter? • In accelerator, particles collide at high energies • The outcome is studied

  15. LHC-September 2008

  16. LHC-NOVEMBER 2009

  17. LHC RAP

  18. Fizikte Boyutlar

  19. Ankara Üniversitesi

  20. Uzaydan Türkiye

  21. Dünyanın Doğuşu 104 km

  22. Dünyanın İçi

  23. Kozmik Işınlar • Kozmik Mikrodalga Işıması • Ultra Yüksek Enerjili Kozmik Işınlar

  24. Güneş Sistemi 109 km

  25. Bir Yıldız: Güneşimiz 106 km

  26. Andromeda Galaksisi • 106 ışık yılı uzaklıkta • 105 ışık yılı genişlikte

  27. Karanlık Madde?

  28. Galaksi Kümeleri: 1010 LY

  29. Bilinen Evren: 1010 LY

  30. Galaksi Oluşum Modelleri

  31. Bütün Galaksiler Bizden Uzaklaşıyorlar-Karanlık Enerji

  32. Evrendeki Enerji Dağılımı

  33. Evrenin Tarihi

  34. Fizikte Boyutlar

  35. Grip Virüsü: 10-7 m

  36. Nanoteknoloji

  37. Atom 10-10m

  38. Atom Çekirdeği: 10-15m

  39. Proton ve Nötron'un İçinde:Kuarklar: <10-18m

  40. Temel Parçacıklar ve Kuvvetler

  41. Temel Kuvvetler/Etkileşimler F = dp/dt

  42. Kütlenin Sebebi Ne?

  43. Neden Yüksek Enerjiler • Maddenin daha küçük yapı taşlarını görebilmek için parçacıkları çarpıştırırız • Ne kadar yüksek enerjiye ulaşırsak, o kadar küçük parçacıkları görebiliriz • Ayrıca yüksek enerjilerde, ağır parçacıkları yaratabiliriz

  44. CERN'in Uzaydan Görüntüsü

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