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ENFORCEMENT-FRIENDLY WORK ZONES

ENFORCEMENT-FRIENDLY WORK ZONES. Gerald Ullman Michael Fontaine Steven Schrock Making Work Zones Work Better Workshop. The Problem…. Enforcement areas often eliminated Legislation hampers enforcement efforts. What Can Be Done?.

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ENFORCEMENT-FRIENDLY WORK ZONES

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  1. ENFORCEMENT-FRIENDLY WORK ZONES Gerald Ullman Michael Fontaine Steven Schrock Making Work Zones Work Better Workshop

  2. The Problem…. • Enforcement areas often eliminated • Legislation hampers enforcement efforts

  3. What Can Be Done? • Better DOT/enforcement coordination during planning/design/construction • Better use of technology? • Better enforcement-friendly designs

  4. When Does Coordination Begin?

  5. Innovative Arrangements • NJ State Police Construction Unit • OSHA-certified officers • Traffic control plan training • South Dakota DOTCOP • Officers hired as DOT employees • Special DOT vehicles • Authority limited to work zones

  6. Innovative Arrangements • Operation Hardhat • Florida Highway Patrol Officers • Construction vehicles provide better vantage point • Extensive publicity, advance warning to motorists

  7. Technology • Providing “real-time” information • Portable CMS • Permanent CMS • Active warnings • Use of Automated Speed Enforcement (ASE) Technology

  8. “Workers present” stipulation in double-fine laws Problems consistency driver understanding Active Warnings (Tennessee)

  9. Automated Speed Enforcement • High DOT/contractor/enforcement interest • Requires legislative changes to transportation code • Significant public/political opposition to ASE systems in the U.S.

  10. Modified ASE? • Use in a real-time, remote mode • Move enforcement activity outside of work zone

  11. Technically Feasible? • 85-88% of vehicles correctly identified 0.5 to 1.5 miles downstream • Wireless transmission of up to two images per minute

  12. Is It Practical? • Legal/political challenges • Continuous vehicle tracking • Visual verification of a violation • “Speed trap” perceptions • Financial challenges (ASE $50,000+) • Deployment/maintenance challenges

  13. “Enforceable” Work Zone Designs • Limit allowable work zone lengths • Enforcement pull-out areas

  14. Enforcement Pull-Out Areas Work Area • How long? • How far apart? • How best to incorporate? Pull Out

  15. Pull-Out Area Length • AASHTO HOV Design Guide • Typical driver deceleration/ acceleration values • Observed driver behavior after receiving a citation • Conclusion: • Pull out areas should be ¼ mile long on high-speed facilities

  16. Pull Out Area Spacing • Direct MOEs and costs difficult to assess • General hypothesis: • Not too closely spaced (constructability) • Not too widely spaced (enforceability)

  17. Building a Consensus 7 6 5 and Enforceability Perceived Constructability 4 (1=High, 7=Low) 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Pull Out Area Spacing (Miles) Contractors Law Enforcement

  18. Other Considerations • Enforcement buy-in • Appropriate sight distances • Advance signing • Look for ways to incorporate into standard construction phasing

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