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[16469] Low Energy Building Design

[16469] Low Energy Building Design. Critique 2. Adam Boney , Fraser Cassels , Marc Breslin and Nick Burns. Our Design. 1 st Floor. Construction method: Timber Framing. Required minimal energy to process material Carbon neutral material

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[16469] Low Energy Building Design

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  1. [16469] Low Energy Building Design Critique 2 Adam Boney, Fraser Cassels, Marc Breslin and Nick Burns

  2. Our Design 1st Floor

  3. Construction method: Timber Framing • Required minimal energy to process material • Carbon neutral material • Allows a greater thickness for external walls therefore significantly greater U values • Can be sourced from local companies on the Shetland island

  4. Insulation : 2 possibilities U value target : 0.1 – 0.15 W/m K • Cellulose Insulation: • Sustainable and low embodied energy • 80% recycled paper • 20% less energy to manufacture than other fibres • Thermal conductivity 0.035 – 0.04 W/m K • Sheep’s Wool: • Sustainable material which can be locally provided • 14% of the energy used to manufacture glass fibre • Thermal conductivity 0.04 w / m K

  5. Draught proofing and thermal envelope • External door and garage are excluded from the thermal envelope. • Insulation installed below the concrete floor slab • Wall insulation continues down to bottom of concrete slab to prevent thermal bridging • Gaps filled with foam sealants Diagram above shows main sources of draughts.

  6. Doors and Windows • High performance door threshold seals installed which seal air gaps reducing draughts and prevent water entering the building • Door draught extruders fitted to other side also • Windows are one of the weakest points thermally in building envelope • Install high performance triple glazed windows • Low emissivity glass U value 0.6 W/m • Provide wooden window frames giving a U value of 0.16 W /mK to reduce thermal bridging

  7. Lighting • Day lighting: • Reduces the amount of artificial light need • Benefits of natural day light • Increase performance • Reducing in energy cost • The disadvantages the natural light it our design • Window size • Glare • Heat loss

  8. Lighting • Brightness • Same brightness • Less wattage (about 1/3) • Costing • More expensive • Last longer • Brightness • Same brightness • Less wattage (about 1/10) • Cool lighting • reducing energy consumption

  9. Wind Power • Shetland wind power- supply renewable energy • Turbines produced by 3 main manufacturers • Westwind Turbines • Proven Turbines • Evance Turbine

  10. Wind Power • Opting for a stand alone turbine: • Carry out comparison • Assess best supplier and turbine • Power calculation spreadsheet • P=0.5ρAV³ - www.REUK.co.uk

  11. Wind Power- Small turbine Speed Power Area

  12. Wind power- Large turbine Speed Power Area

  13. Water • Average household water use is difficult to pin down • Average annual levels of consumption (m3): Average use = 182,000L/year http://www.ccwater.org.uk/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.913

  14. Technologies 1. Rainwater harvesting: • Plenty of rain in Unst- average rainfall/year is 1,220mm1 • Systems can provide 100% of water demand, however this is rarely done 1. http://www.shetland.gov.uk/council/documents/18170-Shet-in-Statistics.pdf

  15. Technologies Rainwater harvesting: • Variability within system design and details Model agreements for sustainable water systems; CIRIA, 2004

  16. Collection • Initial thoughts on collection area focused on roof • However, collection area can be expanded to other parts of the house as well- driveways/pavements, for example

  17. Filtration • Water for different uses requires different levels of filtration • We thought it best to have one filtration system for the whole system Sediment pre-filtration Carbon or multimedia fibre UV sterilization

  18. Storage Underground Above ground

  19. Heating • Passivhaus requires consumption for electricity, heating and hot water be < 120kW/m2/year • Typically, solar thermal panel is used to provide heat for some of hot water needs- not an option for Unst • An inline water heater could be used

  20. Design calculations http://www.rainharvesting.co.uk/pages/design/dsgn4.html Roof area = Width x Length of roof = 152.29m2 Run-off coefficient = 0.75 for pitched roof Filter efficiency = 85% (A conservative estimate- example calculations typically gave efficiency as 90+%) Rainwater yield (Litres/year) = Roof area (m2) x Annual rainfall (mm) x Run-off coefficient x Filter efficiency Rainwater yield = 118,443L/year -not enough

  21. Possible solutions… • Grey water harvesting • Sea water

  22. The next steps of design • Complete the day lighting calculations and install low energy bulbs into the DiaLUXsoftware • PV cells result • Confirm the water manage design • Finalise the energy systems calculations which are incorporated within the design • Work on the MVHR system for the building. • Finalise Electrical consumption • Choose turbine & manufacturer.

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