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Chapter 28 DNA-Life’s Code

Chapter 28 DNA-Life’s Code. Learn the parts of DNA Understand DNA replication Understand how DNA mutates Biotechnology. Bacterial Transformation Experiment. Fred Griffith 1928 Injected mice with bacteria Smooth :pneumonia bacteria Rough : harmless bacteria. Transforming Principle.

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Chapter 28 DNA-Life’s Code

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  1. Chapter 28DNA-Life’s Code Learn the parts of DNA Understand DNA replication Understand how DNA mutates Biotechnology

  2. Bacterial Transformation Experiment • Fred Griffith • 1928 • Injected mice with bacteria • Smooth:pneumonia bacteria • Rough: harmless bacteria

  3. Transforming Principle • Chemical that causes harmless bacteria to transform into pneumonia • Transforming principle = DNA

  4. DNA • Chemical of heredity • Deoxyribonucleic Acid • Sugar (Deoxyribose) • Phosphate • Nitrogen Base

  5. Nucleotide • 3 parts combined into one subunit • Join together to form an entire DNA

  6. 4 Nitrogen Bases • A: adenine • G: guanine • T: Thymine • C: Cytosine

  7. Base Pairing • Only certain bases can bond with one another • A bonds T • G bond C

  8. DNA Structure • Double Helix = twisted ladder • 2 chains: nucleotides joined together • Rungs: base – hydrogen bond – base • Sides: sugar and acid

  9. Replication of DNA • Copies of DNA chain made during Interphase http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/#

  10. Steps to Replication • An enzyme “unzips” the double helix • Unzips by breaking Hydrogen bonds • A new enzyme moves along the parent chain placing new nucleotides • Match base pairs; A-T; G-C • DNA molecule is a parent chain bonded to a new chain

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