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Chapter 8: Life at the Turn of the 20th Century. Answer the Objective Questions for each section as you read – they will become your notes. Chapter Objective – to analyze significant turn-of-the 20 th century trends in such areas as technology, education, race relations, and mass culture.
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Chapter 8: Life at the Turn of the 20th Century Answer the Objective Questions for each section as you read – they will become your notes. Chapter Objective – to analyze significant turn-of-the 20th century trends in such areas as technology, education, race relations, and mass culture.
Section 1: Science and Urban Life • Describe the impact of technological advances on turn-of-the 20th century urban planning. • How did engineering innovations help cities grow upward and outward? • What was urban planning and how did it improve city life? • Summarize turn of the century communication innovations. • What effect did advances in paper, printing, and photography have on publishing and journalism? • How did airplanes revolutionize communications as well as transportation?
Section 2: Expanding Public Education • Analyze the expansion of public education at the turn-of-the 20th century. • What were the main reasons for the expansion and improvement of public education? • What factors contributed to the growth of high schools? • How did educational experiences differ for African Americans and immigrants? • Describe the growth of higher education. • What changes did many universities make in their curriculum and why? • How did African Americans work to gain a high educaiton?
Section 3: Segregation and Discrimination • Trace the historical underpinnings of legalized segregation and the African-American struggle against racism in the U.S. • What post-Reconstruction voting restrictions were imposed on African Americans in the South? • What were Jim Crow laws? • What was the significance of the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson? • Summarize turn-of-the-20th century race relations in the North and South. • How did African Americans differ in approach to combating racism? • How were African Americans discriminated against in the North? • Identify discrimination against minorities in the American West. • What were the difficulties that Mexicans encountered in the United States? • How were Chinese immigrants treated? • Plessy v. Ferguson: • What was the Supreme Court ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson? • How did the Supreme Court’s ruling affect southern states? • How and when was the Plessy decision overturned?
Section 4: The Dawn of Mass Culture • Give examples of turn-of-the-20th century leisure activities and popular sports. • What leisure activities became popular with Americans at the turn of the 20th century? • What spectator sports did many Americans enjoy? • Analyze the spread of mass culture in the United States at the turn of the 20th century. • How did the nation’s new newspapers attract readers? • What were the new artistic movements in the nation? • What types of literature gained notoriety at the turn of the 20th century? • Describe turn-of-the-20th century innovations in marketing and advertising. • How did the growth of cities change the way in which goods were sold? • How did mail-order catalogs and advertising contribute to the growth of mass culture?