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Becoming a Nation. In the Promised Land. Claiming Canaan. Joshua and Judges. Joshua United Action Military Success Leadership of Joshua Ends with covenant Joshua 24. Judges Separate actions Cyclic pattern Major and minor judges Ends with division Judges 21:23-24.
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Becoming a Nation In the Promised Land
Claiming Canaan Joshua and Judges
Joshua United Action Military Success Leadership of Joshua Ends with covenant Joshua 24 Judges Separate actions Cyclic pattern Major and minor judges Ends with division Judges 21:23-24 Comparison of Joshua and Judges
Joshua 24:1-28 • Tribes and officials [community decision] • Historical grounding • Call to undivided loyalty – reject other gods • Selves as voluntary witnesses • Written instruction follows commitment
Cyclic Pattern [Judges 2:6-23] • Israel did evil in God’s sight • Served other gods • God angry with them • Handed them over to their enemies • Israel groaned in distress • God sent “judge” to deliver them • But left other nations to test Israel’s loyalty
Judges [“warlords”] Charismatic Tribal Occasional Kings Hereditary National Permanent Judges vs. Kings
Becoming Kingdoms of This World • Abimelech • Judges 9 (Jotham’s fable 6-20) • Why do we not count him as first king of Israel? • People prefer king to God’s rule • 1 Sam 8:4-18 [10:17-21] • God chooses Saul • 1 Sam 9:15-21 [10:1, 9-13]
Saul and David • Anointing of David – while Saul still king • 1 Sam 15:35-16:13 • David fights for the Philistines • 1 Sam 27:1-7; 29:1-7 • Nathan’s oracle 2 Sam 7:1-16 • God to establish David’s house • David’s son to build God’s house
Seeds of Division • Solomon the King 1 Kgs 1 - 11 • Psalm 45 – Theology of Kingship • Jeroboam [prophetic call- 1 Kgs 11:29-39] • appeal to the good old days • Rehoboam [1 Kgs 12:1-19] • rash rejection of pleas
Judah Single succession Except Athaliah 2 Kgs 11:1-3 Single capitol More isolated internationally Vassal status in 722 Ephraim (Israel) Dynastic changes (prophetic involvement) Capitol and cult centres separate More prominent internationally Eliminated in 722 Different Kingdoms
Other Nations: • Moab • Syria (Aram) • Tyre and Sidon (Phoenicia) • Philistines • Assyria • Egypt • Babylon • Edom
Prophets in Israel • Court Prophets • Schools of Prophets • “Sons of the prophets” • Individual Prophets
Elijah • Struggle with proponents of Baal • 1 Kings 17-18 • Contest on Mt Carmel 1 Kings 18:20-40 • Flight and commission • The still, small voice 1 Kings 19:1-18 • Disaster predicted for oppressor • Naboth’s vineyard 1 Kings 21 • End of prophets Mal 4:5-6[Hebrew 3:23-24]
Elisha • Successor of Elijah • Turning back and Crossing over • 1 Kings 19:19-21 ; 2 Kings 2:1-13 • Not just to Israel • Healing of Naaman 2 Kings 5:1-19