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Protein Synthesis

Learn about protein synthesis, the genetic code, steps involved, and its importance in cell processes. Get ready for your Cell Biology test with helpful resources and study techniques.

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Protein Synthesis

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  1. Protein Synthesis The making of proteins for …..

  2. Purpose of Protein Synthesis • Proteins form the structure of the body (muscles) • Proteins run cell processes inside the body (enzymes) Parts of chromosomes known as genes (made of DNA) in the nucleus store instructions (the genetic code) for the production of specific proteins. These proteins are assembled from amino acids (via mRNA and tRNA) in the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum. Which ER? • View Protein Synthesis Animation

  3. The Genetic Code • This is the sequence of bases along the inside of the DNA molecule • Read as a 3 letter code (Triplet) • Each triplet codes for a different amino acid • Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins (also known as peptide chains).

  4. Steps of Protein Synthesis One strand of DNA (initial template inside the nucleus) Transcription triplet (Nucleus) mRNA (remember C-G but U replaces T in RNA, so A-U) Translation codon (Ribosome) anticodon tRNA and amino acids String of amino acids makes a protein. Amino acid

  5. mRNA-Amino Acid Table

  6. Protein Synthesis exercises Read Biozone page x – x • Do exercises 1 – 2 page x • Do exercises 1 – 7 page x References • Patterns of Life 1999 pages 122 – 126 esp. diagram p124

  7. End of Cell Biology notes Your task now is to revise and study for the Cell End of Unit Test, by: • Read and complete Biozone pages: x to x (NB some pages not included) • Complete Key terms: Mix and Match pages: x, x, x (NB some terms not covered) • Review past external exam papers for Achievement Standard xxxxx (AS x.x) from NZQA NCEA website • Check L2 Biology power points and other resources in MACScience blogsite • Use other study techniques e.g. Karen Boyes, flip cards, mind maps • Ask questions to clarify your understanding before… • Test date:

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