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Guinea Worm Disease

Guinea Worm Disease. By: Daniel Coward. Guinea Worm Disease. It is a preventable waterborne disease caused by a parasite. Dracunculus medinensis. Also known as the “Guinea worm”. Dracunculus medinensis. Also known as the “Guinea worm” The largest tissue affecting parasite in humans.

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Guinea Worm Disease

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  1. Guinea Worm Disease By: Daniel Coward

  2. Guinea Worm Disease • It is a preventable waterborne disease caused by a parasite

  3. Dracunculus medinensis • Also known as the “Guinea worm”

  4. Dracunculus medinensis • Also known as the “Guinea worm” • The largest tissue affecting parasite in humans

  5. Dracunculus medinensis • Also known as the “Guinea worm” • The largest tissue affecting parasite in humans • Adult female carries about 300 embryos

  6. Etiology • The disease is contracted when an individual drinks water that is contaminated with the parasite.

  7. Pathogenesis

  8. Pathogenesis Foot blister induced by the female guinea worm Guinea worm emerging

  9. Treatment • There is NO DRUG and no VACCINE to prevent infection

  10. Treatment • There is NO DRUG and no VACCINE for guinea worm disease to prevent infection • After the worm emerges, it can be pulled out very slowly

  11. Treatment • Many infected people get the worm out by twirling a stick

  12. Risk Groups • Occurs almost exclusively in isolated rural areas.

  13. Risk Groups • Occurs almost exclusively in isolated rural areas. • Occurs only in 5 countries in sub-Saharan Africa: Sudan, Ghana, Nigeria, Niger, and Mali.

  14. Risk Groups • In 2007, only 9,585 cases of GWD were reported. Most of those cases were from Sudan (61%) and Ghana (35%).

  15. Prevelance/Incidence • The disease occurs at two different times of the year

  16. Prevelance/Incidence • The disease occurs at two different times of the year • Near the Sahara the transmission occurs during the rainy season

  17. Prevelance/Incidence • The disease occurs at two different times of the year • Near the Sahara the transmission occurs during the rainy season • In the Savanna the transmission occurs during the dry season

  18. Why this matters? • The disease has a limited geographic distribution • It is seasonal in nature

  19. So?

  20. So? • It is easy to target and eradicate it from endemic areas

  21. Socioeconomic Effects • Estimated that infected people lose 100 days of work and children miss 25% of the school year

  22. Prevention • Guinea worm disease is a vulnerable disease because its transmission cycle relies on humans

  23. Prevention • Guinea worm disease is a vulnerable disease because its transmission cycle relies on humans • It is possible to permanently eliminate the disease with the use of prevention techniques

  24. Prevention • Filter water!

  25. Prevention • Educate!

  26. Prevention • Boil Water!

  27. Prevention • Only drink water from underground sources

  28. Eradication • Carter Center leads the way

  29. Eradication • Others Follow!

  30. Eradication • Educate

  31. Eradication • Educate • Treatment

  32. Eradication • Educate • Treatment • Larvicides

  33. Eradication • Educate • Treatment • Larvicides • Pond Caretakers

  34. Eradication Results Great!!!

  35. Eradication Results Great!!!

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