YOUR ROLE IS VERY IMPORTANT Think Safety First

1. YOUR ROLE IS VERY IMPORTANT Think Safety First

2. PURPOSE FOR THIS TRAINING A person who has driven just a few thousand miles has built fixed habits of viewing and reacting to the traffic picture. Those habits are not always the best or safest habits a driver could have. Our goal is to enable you the CATS Vanpool Driver to operate a CATS vehicle utilizing advanced driving techniques. This training and sufficient practice on your part, will supply you with the tools necessary to bring down the collision rate, fuel consumption, and maintenance cost in your personal vehicles as well as for the CATS organization. Your effectiveness as a CATS Vanpool Driver will depend on the effort you apply to learning the content of this program. You are about to be exposed to a number of proven techniques which relatively few people will ever learn, yet every driver would certainly benefit from knowing. Let’s get started.

3. WHY DO ACCIDENTS HAPPEN? INATTENTION TOO MUCH ATTENTION TOO LITTLE ATTENTION NOT ENOUGH TIME NOT ENOUGH SPACE MAY CAUSE DROWSINESS. ALCOHOL MAY INTENSIFY THIS EFFECT. USE CARE WHEN OPERATING A CAR OR DANGEROUS MACHINERY. NOT ALLOWING FOR MISTAKES OF OTHERS NOT ENOUGH TRAINING FAILURE TO ADJUST TO CONDITIONS ATTITUDE DRIVER IMPAIRMENT VEHICLE FAILURE

4. 97 PERCENT OF ALL ACCIDENTS ARE DUE TO DRIVER ERROR

5. YEAR 2002 COLLISIONS • COLLISIONS REPORTED 118,514 • PERSONS KILLED 1,229 • PERSONS INJURED 61,833

6. WHAT IS THE WORST THING THAT COULD HAPPEN IF YOU LET YOUR GUARD DOWN FOR JUST A SECOND?

7. Vehicle Collision • Court Cost • Injuries • Time Away From Work • Medical Cost • Death

8. HOW CAN WE DECREASE OUR CHANCES OF BEING INVOLVED IN AN ACCIDENT? PARTICIPATE IN A PROVEN DEFENSIVE DRIVING TRAINING CLASS THAT WILL ALLOW YOU TO SHARPEN YOUR DRIVING SKILLS AND MAKE YOU BETTER AWARE OF YOUR SURROUNDINGS.

9. HAS BEEN TRAINING DRIVERS SINCE 1952 OVER HALF OF THE FORTUNE 500 COMPANIES USE SMITH SYSTEM IT HAS ALSO BEEN IMPLEMENTED BY GOVERMENT AGENCIES AS WELL.

10. The Smith System provides drivers with 3 primary benefits: SPACE FOR YOUR VEHICLE IMPROVED VISIBILITY TIME TO MAKE DECISIONS

11. Learning and applying these techniques can provide these positive results: • Reduced collision potential • Fuel consumption can be minimized • Vehicle maintenance expense can decrease • Insurance costs may be decreased • A reduction in anxiety and frustration while driving

12. FIVE KEYS TO SAFE DRIVING

13. AIM HIGH IN STEERING GET THE BIG PICTURE KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

14. AIM HIGH IN STEERING ALL GET THE BIG PICTURE GOOD KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING KIDS LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT LIKE MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU MILK

15. KEY #1 - AIM HIGH IN STEERING

16. AIM HIGH IN STEERING YOU NEED AT LEAST A 15 SECOND EYE-LEAD TIME THE DISTANCE, IN SECONDS, THAT YOUR EYES LEAD YOUR VEHICLE

17. AIM HIGH IN STEERING YOU NEED AT LEAST A 15 SECOND EYE-LEAD TIME THE DISTANCE, IN SECONDS, THAT YOUR EYES LEAD YOUR VEHICLE The objective here is to get drivers to look ahead as far as they can as oppossed to looking only in the immediate area around the vehicle.

18. To obtain a 15 second Eye-Lead Time you must: • Identify an object in the distance that you think you will reach in about 15 seconds while driving. • Be sure to consider the rate of speed at which you are traveling For example: You see a billboard in the distance as you are driving and maintaining your speed. To establish your Eye-Lead Time you should give approximately a 15 second count before you reach the billboard as you drive by to determine if your Eye-Lead Time is sufficient.

19. AIM HIGH IN STEERING WATCH FOR STALE GREEN LIGHTS SCAN INTERSECTIONS KEEP ADEQUATE SPACE WHEN FOLLOWING A LARGE VEHICLE

20. DISTANCE TRAVELED DURING REACTION TIME (1.5 SECONDS) 25 MPH = 37 FPS = 56 FEET 35 MPH = 51 FPS = 77 FEET 45 MPH = 66 FPS = 99 FEET 55 MPH = 80 FPS = 121 FEET

22. KEY #2 - GET THE BIG PICTURE

24. GET THE BIG PICTURE MAINTAIN A CUSHION OF SPACE AROUND YOUR VEHICLE 360 DEGREE CIRCLE OF AWARENESS CHECK YOUR MIRRORS EVERY 5 TO 8 SECONDS CONTROL THE REAR OF YOUR VEHICLE BY BRAKING EARLY BACK OFF IF ANOTHER VEHICLE CUTS IN FRONT OF YOU.

25. KEY #3 - KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING

26. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING TWO TYPES OF VISION: CENTRAL 3 DEGREE PATH PERIPHERAL 180 DEGREES EARLY WARNING SYSTEM STARING AT AN OBJECT DECREASES YOUR PERIPHERAL VISION

27. KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING DON'T LOOK AT AN OBJECT FOR MORE THAN 2 SECONDS DON'T DWELL ON OBJECTS THAT ARE NOT IMPORTANT

28. AT 55 MPH HOW MANY SECONDS COULD YOU TAKE YOUR EYES OFF THE ROAD AND STILL HAVE TIME TO AVOID CROSSING THE CENTER LINE? 55 MPH = 80 FEET/SECOND ON AVERAGE 2 FEET OF CLEARANCE BETWEEN YOUR CAR AND THE CENTER LINE. HOW LONG FOR YOUR VEHICLE TO TRAVEL 2 FEET AT 55 MPH? TIME = DISTANCE / VELOCITY TIME = 2 FEET / 80 FT/SEC APPROXIMATELY 1/32 OF A SECOND DO YOU REALLY HAVE TIME TO TAKE YOUR EYES OFF THE ROAD?

29. KEY #4 - LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT

30. LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAINTAIN A 4 SECOND FOLLOWING DISTANCE.

31. ADEQUATE FOLLOWING DISTANCE TIME TO REACT IMPROVED VISIBILITY TIME TO ALERT OTHERS MORE ALERT

32. KEY #5 - MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

33. MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU HOW MANY WARNING DEVICES ARE ON A VEHICLE? HEADLAMPS HORN 4-WAY FLASHERS BRAKE LIGHTS TURN SIGNAL

34. AIM HIGH IN STEERING GET THE BIG PICTURE KEEP YOUR EYES MOVING LEAVE YOURSELF AN OUT MAKE SURE THEY SEE YOU

35. BACKING & PARKING • AVERAGE DRIVER BACKS 1-3 MILES A YEAR

37. BACKING & PARKING • SELECT A SPOT WHICH MAKES BACKING • UNNECESSARY • BACK UPON ARRIVAL, NOT DEPARTURE • DON’T BACK ANY FURTHER THAN • NECESSARY