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Digital Light Processing

Digital Light Processing. Eric Dacquay Brian Freedman Lisa Harada. Introduction & History. Digital Light Processing (DLP) – What is it? Method of displaying images in a purely digital realm Made possible via the use of a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD)

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Digital Light Processing

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  1. Digital Light Processing Eric Dacquay Brian Freedman Lisa Harada

  2. Introduction & History • Digital Light Processing (DLP) – What is it? • Method of displaying images in a purely digital realm • Made possible via the use of a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD) • Extremely reliable for a mechanical device • History • Created in 1987 by researchers at Texas Instruments • Current structure of DMD pixel was developed in 1997

  3. Types of DLP Systems • Rear Projection • 1-DMD • Front Projection • 1-DMD • 2-DMD • 3-DMD

  4. Evolution of DMD

  5. Structure of a DMD Pixel

  6. Cutaway of DMD Pixel

  7. Fabrication • Mirror structure is built on a standard CMOS 6T SRAM cell • Series of alternating metal and sacrificial layers used to build the structure • Some sacrificial layers are only removed during the packaging process

  8. Operation of a DMD Pixel • Pulse Width Modulation • Used to create varying shades of grey when reflecting white light • Same processes used to create shades of red, green, and blue by reflecting light of these respective colours • Human Visual System • Combines the various colour light pulses to form the final perceived colour • Care must be taken in the choice of pulse patterns to avoid visual artefacts

  9. Reliability • Extremely reliable • Possible problems: • Hinge fatigue • Thin film materials are more compliant and less stiff • Distinctly different properties from macroscopic concept of bending metal (e.g., aluminium foil) • Mirror damage due to operation at high frequency • In 5 us, the mirror tip moves 2 um with an average velocity of 40 cm/s • Terminal velocity of an oak leaf falling from a tree is approximately 100 cm/s

  10. Reliability • Adhesive forces • Capillary water condensation can cause the landing tip and surface to become stuck due to surface tension • van der Waals forces • Short range forces which cause materials to become attracted at molecular level • Solutions: • Redesign in 1995 added miniature springs to mirror landing tips • DMD sealed in a dry environment using hermetic packaging techniques

  11. Summary • Digital Micromirror Device is the heart of the Digital Light Processing system • The only purely digital projection system • Extremely reliable • Potential problems not posing any problems due to manufacturing environment and physics on the microscopic level

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