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Psychological Assessment

Psychological Assessment. Assessment procedures. Interviews Observation Testing Projective tests (e.g. Rorschach inkblots) Questionnaires (e.g. MMPI) IQ Neuropsychological Biological measures No biological measure of disorder, but rule-outs (e.g. thyroid tests). The Clinical Interview.

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Psychological Assessment

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  1. Psychological Assessment

  2. Assessment procedures • Interviews • Observation • Testing • Projective tests (e.g. Rorschach inkblots) • Questionnaires (e.g. MMPI) • IQ • Neuropsychological • Biological measures • No biological measure of disorder, but rule-outs (e.g. thyroid tests)

  3. The Clinical Interview • Interview formats • Structured • Unstructured (non-directive) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zir1mgEvTL8

  4. The Clinical Interview • Assesses multiple domains • Presenting problem • Social History • Family History • Educational History • Psychological Symptoms • Current and Recent Stressors. • Detailed medical/developmental history • Associated impairment and distress • Risk assessment: suicidality • Physical exam: rule out medical conditions • Mental Status Exam: quick assessment

  5. Observation: Behavioral Assessment • Behavioral Assessment • Identification and observation of target behaviors • “Here and now” focus • Direct observations • Minimally inferential – limited interpretations • The goal is to develop a model (ABCs) that will form the basis of future treatment with the client. • http://ctiv.alexanderstreet.com/View/859057/play/true • 22:00-25:19

  6. Mental Status Exam: a systematic approach to gathering clinical information • appearance • behavior • speech • thought processes • mood and affect • intellectual functioning • short and long-term memory • abstract reasoning • oriented X 3 (time, place, person)

  7. Mental Status Exam

  8. WARNING: • Beware of Testa Crappola

  9. Three Concepts Determine the Value of Assessment

  10. Key Concepts in Assessment • Reliability • Measurement consistency or agreement • Several types: • Test-retest • Inter-rater • Validity • Does the test measure what it’s supposed to? • Several types: • content • concurrent • predictive • face validity Reliable and valid Reliable, not valid Not reliable, not valid

  11. Key Concepts in Assessment • Standardization – two parts: • Consistent use of techniques, or how you conduct the test • Standardized administration • Provides normative population data from which to compare and interpret the scores • “scaled” or standardized scores

  12. Projective Tests • presentation of ambiguous pictures, patterns, or stories • projective hypothesis: people “project” their unconscious thoughts and feelings onto ambiguous stimuli

  13. Projective Tests • Rorschach Inkblot Test • Hermann Rorschach • A standard set of 10 inkblots presented with question: “what might this be?” • Interpretation: “Comprehensive System” (John Exner)

  14. Projective Tests • Thematic Apperception Test • consists of 31 cards (20 usually shown) • clients asked to tell a story with beginning, middle, and end

  15. MMPI-2 • objective test = standardized questions requiring a written response • personality test widely used by clinical psychologists • developed in 1930s and 1940s • developed using an empirical approach (the criterion keying approach) • consists of 567 true-false items

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