1 / 10

Objectives

Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases. Chapter 8. Objectives. Write ionic equations for neutralization reactions. Identify the products of a neutralization reaction. Describe the composition of a salt. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases. Chapter 8. Bellringer.

devlin
Download Presentation

Objectives

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Objectives • Writeionic equations for neutralization reactions. • Identify the products of a neutralization reaction. • Describe the composition of a salt.

  2. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Bellringer You have learned that acids and bases dissociate into ions in solution. The characteristic ions are the hydronium, or H3O+, ion for acids and the hydroxide, or OH–, ion for bases. Below are listed several reactions between acids and bases. From what you know about reactions, acids, and bases, predict what the products of the following reactions will be. 1. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq)  ______ + H2O(l) 2. HCl(aq) + KOH(aq)  KCl(aq) + ______ 3. HNO3(aq) + KOH(aq)  ______ + ______ 4. H2SO4(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq)  ______ + ______ 5. HBr(aq) + AgOH(aq)  ______ + ______ 6. HClO4(aq) + NaOH(aq)  ______ + ______ 7. 2HNO3(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq)  ______ + ______ 8. H2SO4(aq) + 2NH4OH(aq)  ______ + ______

  3. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Acid-Base Reactions • A reaction between an acid and a base is a neutralization reaction. • Neutralization is an ionic reaction. • Example: • A strong acid such as HCl ionizes completely in solution: HCl + H2O  Cl– + H3O+ • A strong base such as NaOH ionizes completely in solution: NaOH  Na+ + OH– • The total neutralization reaction is the following: Cl– + H3O+ + Na+ + OH– Na+ + Cl– + 2H2O

  4. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Neutralization Reaction

  5. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Acid-Base Reactions, continued • Neutralization reactions form water and a salt. • A salt is an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radical replaces the hydrogen of an acid. • Not all neutralization reactions produce neutral solutions. The final pH of the solution depends on: • the amounts of acid and base that are combined • whether the acid and base are strong or weak

  6. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Salt

  7. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Acid-Base Reactions, continued • A titration is a neutralization reaction in which the known concentration of one solution is used to determine the unknown concentration of another solution. • When the amounts of acid and base added are equal, an equivalence point will be reached. • The equivalence point will be at pH 7 for the titration of a strong acid with a strong base, but if a weak acid or base is involved, the equivalence point will not be neutral.

  8. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Titration

  9. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Equivalence and End Points

  10. Section 2 Reactions of Acids with Bases Chapter 8 Salts • To a chemist, a salt can be almost any combination of cations and anions. • Common table salt contains sodium chloride, NaCl, which is a salt that is formed from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide. • Salts are useful substances, and are all around us. • Examples: • sodium hydrogen carbonate, baking soda • silver bromide and silver iodide, in photographic film • barium sulfate, sometimes used in taking X rays • calcium carbonate, in chalk, limestone, and marble

More Related