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Chapter 10

Chemical Reactions. Chapter 10. Types of Chemical Reactions. Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Combination Decomposition Replacement Ion Exchange. 2 KI + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 → PbI 2 ↓ + 2 KNO 3. Pg 251. KI ( aq ). PbI 2 (s). Ion Exchange Reaction – ions of one compound

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chemical Reactions Chapter 10

  2. Types of Chemical Reactions • Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) • Combination • Decomposition • Replacement • Ion Exchange

  3. 2 KI + Pb(NO3)2→ PbI2↓+ 2 KNO3 Pg 251 KI(aq) PbI2 (s)

  4. Ion Exchange Reaction – ions of one compound react with ions of another compound to form: (1) a solid (precipitate) or FeCl3 + 3 NaOH → Fe(OH)3 + 3 NaCl (2) a gas or (3) water CaCO3 + 2 HCl → CaCl2 + CO2↑ + H2O

  5. Micro World atoms & molecules Macro World (grams) Atomic mass ≡ mass of an atom in atomic mass units (u) By definition: 1 atom 12C “weighs” 12 u On this scale 1H = 1.008 u 16O = 16.00 u

  6. (7.42 · 6.015) + (92.58 · 7.016) 100 Natural lithium is: 7.42% 6Li (6.015 u) 92.58% 7Li (7.016 u) Average atomic mass of lithium: = 6.941 u

  7. Average atomic mass (6.941)

  8. UNITS Dozen = 12 Pair = 2 mole - the amount of a substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms in exactly 12.00 grams of 12C 1 mol = NA = 6.02 x 1023 Avogadro’s number (NA)

  9. eggs shoes Molar mass - the mass of 1 mole of in grams marbles atoms 1 mole 12C atoms = 6.022 x 1023 atoms = 12.00 g 1 12C atom = 12.00 u 1 mole 12C atoms = 12.00 g 12C 1 mole lithium atoms = 6.941 g of Li For any element atomic mass (u) = molar mass (grams)

  10. One Mole of: S C Hg Cu Fe

  11. 1S 32.07 u 2O + 2 x 16.00 u SO2 SO2 64.07 u Molecular mass (or molecular weight) - the sum of the atomic masses (in u) in a molecule. For any molecule molecular mass (u) = molar mass (grams) 1 molecule SO2 = 64.07 u 1 mole SO2 = 64.07 g SO2

  12. Fig 10.16 The mole • concept for: • Elements: • Compounds: • Molecular • substances:

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