Driver Product & Safety Training

1. Driver Product & Safety Training MDI / TDI Bulk Liquid Transportation Version 2010

2. Driver Training MDI / TDI Company [name] Location [place] Date 01/04/2014 Trainer [name]

3. Background • MDI / TDI can be handled safely and are in widespread use across the world. • This programme helps in the safe transport of these chemicals by ensuringproper training of drivers • The training package is a joint effort of ISOPA and the carriers based on practical experience. • Drivers who successfully complete the driver training are issued with a MDI / TDI Driver Training Card

4. Introduction ISOPA • European ISOcyanateProducers Association • See website www.isopa.org • Member companies: olyol

6. Applications Polyurethanes are used in many products and articles: • Car seats, Steering wheels • Sports shoes • Sofas, Chairs and Mattresses • Fibre board (MDF) • Expansion joints & Gasket seals • Insulation foam (refrigerators, tanks, buildings) • Coatings, Paints • ...and many more

7. Appearance

8. Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC) MAC : 5.0 – 10.0 ppb = 0.0000005% – 0.000001% Odour threshold : 0.2 – 0.4 ppm = 0.0000200% – 0.000040% Therefore: • It is too late when you smell it! • 1 drop in 1 truck cabin  400× MAC!

9. Main Physical and Chemical Properties (1) • Vapour pressure: Dangers of MDI and TDI are of the same magnitude but… vapour pressure of TDIis much higher (20×), therefore the RISKS ofTDI are much bigger • Vapour density = 6× Air density

10. Main Physical and Chemical Properties (2) • Density range 1.20 – 1.29(For TDI filling degree conform ADR  see next slide) • Important temperatures: • Crystallisation starts at ± 15°C (product temp.) • Melting when reheated to ± 45°C (product temp.)

11. Degree of Filling for TDI ADR 4.3.2.2 Degree of filling 4.3.2.2.4 “Where shells are not divided by partitions or surge plates into sections of not more than 7,500 litres capacity, they shall be filled to not less than 80% or not more than 20% of their capacity”. NOT OK ±95% OK TDI / MDI* 80% NOT OK 20% OK *) For MDI there is no legal requirement but most producers follow the same rules as for TDI

12. Main Physical and Chemical Properties (3) MDI / TDI reacts with water (including air!) • Temperature goes up significantly in transit without external heating • Possible water sources can be: • Tank cleaning operations • Opening manlids • for: sampling, discharge etc. • by: customs, customers, drivers etc. • Non-dried air from customer’s installation • Silica gel filter malfunction

13. H2O CO2 O2 H2O Product Hazards: The Lung Diisocyanates

14. Product Hazards: TDI • Very toxic by inhalation • Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin • Risk of sensitisation by inhalation andskin contact • Warning: • This effect can be delayed for as long as 24 hours after exposure! • Sensitisation means build up of irreversible allergic reactions

15. Product Hazards: MDI • Harmful by inhalation • Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin • Risk of sensitisation by inhalation andskin contact • Warning: • This effect can be delayed for as long as 24 hours after exposure! • Sensitisation means build up of irreversible allergic reactions

16. 60 2078 Classification and Placarding

17. Personal Protective Equipment– MDI As a minimum... • Hard hat • Goggles • Liquid-tight gloves • Safety shoes / boots • Overall • Eyewash bottle • Butyl rubber • Neoprene • Nitrile rubber

18. Personal Protective Equipment – TDI Filter use max. 8 hours Discard 24h after opening As a minimum... • Hard hat • Full face mask(with appropriate filter) • Liquid-tight gloves • Safety shoes / boots • Full chemical suit • Eyewash bottle • Butyl rubber • Neoprene • Nitrile rubber

19. Health Effects (1)(possibly delayed for 24 hours!) Allergic Reactions… • Inhalation • Breathing problems • Dizziness Do not try to hide problems ! Seek medical assistance immediately ! • Skin contact • Coloured skin (black spots) • Skin irritation • Eye contact • Eye irritation & pain

20. Health Effects (2) – Contact Lenses You should not use contact lenseswhen handling isocyanates When eye contamination you will not be able to remove the lenses as they will stick to the eye surface due to reaction between the lenses and the eye and water layer between them.

21. Personal Health (1) • Use an appropriate cartridge / canister(min. AP2) for maximum 8 hours and throw it out 24 hours after the seal has been broken

22. Personal Health(2) • Wash hands (& face) before eating, drinking, smoking or going to the toilet • Keep contaminated PPE out of the cabin • A quantity of vapour equal to the size of a one Eurocent coin is enough to increase the concentration in the average cabin well above the MAC value • Imagine working / sleeping in this atmosphere for 8 hours !

23. Product Quality Control • Certificate of Analysis (CoA) • Samples (Not recommended) • CoA is strongly preferred to a sample • Drivers should not take samples ! • Never take a sample in your cab !!!Not even for 1 minute !!! • Temperature(Customer specific)

24. Site Safety Make yourself familiar with the site emergency policy and location of following items: • Signs & Alarms • Wind direction indicator • Emergency stop button • Emergency shower • Assembly point • Waste bin (for used gaskets, gloves, etc.) • Decontamination & Absorption material

25. Spill Handling (by Emergency Services) Always wear PPE !! • Drivers should observe from a safe distance and remain available to provide information • Emergency services should: 1. Cover sewer system 2. Absorb the spill 3. Neutralise 4. Wait (30–60 minutes after reaction has finished) 5. Remove spill after reaction has finished. 6. Put residues in designated chemicals waste bin 7. Apply decontamination fluid

26. Loading: Key Items • PPE must be worn • Tank equipment • 3-Minutes check before & after loading

27. Tank Equipment • Manlid must be kept closed! (moisture prevention) • Ensure customs letter (if applicable) is present • Do not mix-up the vapour return and liquid line !!! • Tank depressurised? • Cleaned tanks must be dry ! • Capacity (keep filling degree in mind!)

28. 3-Minutes Check before Loading Equipment • Tanker exterior clean? • Spillage tray clean? • Tanker correctly labelled and placarded? • All valves closed? • Manlid closed and bolts tightened?

29. 3-Minutes Check after Loading Equipment • Disconnected? • Free of spillages including spillage tray? • Safety handrail down? • Valves closed, blind-flanged and new gasket? • Only slight overpressure (max 0.1 bar)? • Temperature setting correct? • Sample (if necessary)? Documentation • Transport document, Customs letter, CoA, Weight ticket, DGD? • Instructions in writing?

30. Transport • Hours / Speed • Check temperature (and pressure) • Reporting unsafe conditions / incidents • Parking

31. Opening of Tanks in Transit by Customs Officials • Tanks should not be opened whilst in transit because of the dangers to human health • ISOPA issued a letter to Customs Officials explaining thereasons why • Letter is available in 14 languages i.e. CZ - DE - EN - ES - FR - HU - IT - LV - PL - RO - RU - SK - TUR - UA • Letter can be downloaded from the ISOPA website http://www.isopa.org/htdocs/isopa_site/logistics.htm

32. Security en Route What to do & not to do: • Do not leave the vehicle unlocked • Do not disclose information about product carried, customer, route or destination • Park preferably on secure parking areas

33. Heating Steam: • Only external steam coils • Maximum 1.7 bar All methods: • Maximum contact temperature = 60°C • Do-not-open-the-manlid

34. Unloading: Key Points (1) • Follow site regulations • Behaviour  You are the supplier’s representative • Know the operational responsibilities between operator and driver as described in the CEFIC / ECTA Behaviour Based Safety Guidelines • Report unsafe conditions at customers (including near misses)

35. Unloading: Key Points (2) • Storage tank capacity • communication driver / operator • PPE must be worn • Observe connections, pressure during unloading • Samples(Report back if you have to take a sample) • Unloading methods(Details on next slides)

36. Discharge Methods (1)Customer liquid pump and vapour return Preferred option! (with hoses provided by customer, if possible)

37. Discharge Methods (2)Customer nitrogen or dry air

38. Discharge Methods (3a)Vehicle compressor with silica gel

39. Discharge Methods (3b)Vehicle compressor without silica gel

40. SpillageTray Lay-out (example) Liquid line and vapour return line should be properly identified

41. 3-Minutes Check after Discharge (1) Equipment • Disconnected? • Free of spillages including spillage tray? • Safety handrail down? • Valves closed and blind-flanged, manlids closed? • Spillage tray covers closed? • Only slight overpressure (max 0.1 bar)? • Depressurise at the customer if possible, or inform planner Documentation(1) • Handed to the customer? • Transport documentation signed?

42. 3-Minutes Check after Discharge (2) Documentation (2) • Customer needs: • Copy of transport document signed by driver & customer • Certificate of Analysis • Driver keeps: • Copy of transport document signed by driver & customer For TDI:Obtain or make transport document reading: Empty tank container*), last load: UN 2078 Toluene Diisocyanate, 6.1, II (D/E) *)or: tank vehicle; demountable tank; portable tank

43. Near Misses & Unsafe Conditions Iceberg Theory Incidents Near misses & Unsafe conditions

44. Near misses and unsafe conditions Reporting examples Active near miss reporting will reduce / avoid serious incidents: • Road traffic incidents • Equipment failures • Incorrect human behaviour • Overflows • Overpressure • Spills • Unexpected temperature rise (check regularly!) • Unsafe working conditions (missing safety shower etc.) • Unsecure routing

45. Incidents • Statistics indicate: • More than 80% of all incidents are related to human behaviour • Most incidents and accidents occur during loading & unloading So THIS is your Challenge: You are the most important safety factor (OR you will be the most important risk factor !)

46. Emergency Response CDs / DVDs TDI • Danish incident – Packed • French incidents – Bulk • Portuguese incident – Bulk • Swedish incident – Bulk • Turkish incidents – Bulk MDI • British incident – Bulk • German incident – Bulk • Italian incident – Bulk

47. Emergency Response CD / DVD Emergency incident scenario • What went well ? • What can be improved ?

48. Test • 20 multiple choice questions: • One correct answer only • Ticking more than one answer for the same question = miss • Corrections are allowed(as long as it is clear which answer you decided upon!) • The minimum score is 70% =14 correct answers

49. The End Congratulations! Certificates will be forwarded as soon as possible SPECIMEN