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Molecular Nanotechnology

Molecular Nanotechnology. Michael Trinh. Introduction/Background. Mechanosynthesis - Creates complex, atomic structures II. Systems of chemical reactions 1 1. Combines chemistry and biology 2. Control specific chemical reactions at specific locations III. The Nanofactory Collaboration 2

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Molecular Nanotechnology

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  1. Molecular Nanotechnology Michael Trinh

  2. Introduction/Background • Mechanosynthesis • -Creates complex, atomic structures • II. Systems of chemical reactions1 • 1. Combines chemistry and biology • 2. Control specific chemical reactions at specific locations • III. The NanofactoryCollaboration2 • 1. 23 researchers from 10 organizations and 4 countries • - positionally-controlled diamond mechanosynthesis and diamondoidnanofactory development Foresight Institute – www.foresight.org/cms/press_center/282 Nanofactory Collaboration – http://www.molecularassembler.com/Nanofactory/

  3. Applications Smart Materials1 1. Any material designed and engineered on the nanometer scale 2. Changes in response to stimili II. Possible uses 1. Specifically designed drugs that can target certain cells or viruses 2. Self-healing structures2 When exposed to UV light, the polymer disassembles and reforms, patching scratches or cracks. Source: Case Western Reserve University http://www.design-technology.info/alevelsubsite/page11.htm http://www.dailytech.com/New+Polymeric+Car+Paint+Can+SelfHeal+Major+Scratches+Dings/article21437.htm

  4. Applications III. Other uses1: 1. Piezoelectric 2. Memory alloys 3. Temperature responsive materials – changes with temperature 4. Photochromic – changes in response to light Flexible polymer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that responds to electrical stimili. Metal Ion Implantation for the Fabrication of Stretchable Electrodes on Elastomers By Samuel Rosset, MuhamedNiklaus, Philippe Dubois, Herbert R. Shea

  5. Applications • Replication1 • Currently theory-based • Nanorobots – robots at the nanometer scale • A. Idea that they can self-replicate and self-build • B. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VyzVtTiax80 • 3. Integration with bacteria - Escherichia coli • 4. Nanorobot mutation • A. Can be prevented with error-correcting techniques • B. Issues over random mutations and deterministic selection 1. http://www.nanomedicine.com/Papers/NMRevMar05.pdf

  6. Applications Nanomedicine/Nanorobotics A. Correction of genetic defects - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q8tAj8A4pc0 B. Elimination of disease quickly C. Surgery flesh-welding1 1. Two pieces of chicken flesh are welded together 2. Nanoshells - spherical nanoparticle consisting of a dielectric core which is covered by a thin metallic shell 3. Green liquid containing nanoshells is poured between seams and welding using infrared laser 1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16047329

  7. Applications Nanorex - http://nanoengineer-1.com/content/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=40&Itemid=50

  8. Benefits Materials can be created to be light, strong, and inexpensive - Enable cheaper manufacturing processes II. Manufacturing would be extremely precise 1. Traditional assembly lines would be reconfigured 2. Every product would be influenced III. Scarcity of manufactured goods would be nonexistent - Products, such as food and medicine, can be manufactured rapidly and in great abundance Nanotechnology: the coming revolution in manufacturing - http://www.merkle.com/papers/nanohearing1999.html

  9. Problems/Risks Technological Singularity - Artificial intelligence Cheaper, more destructive weapons - Self-replicating Weapons of Mass Destruction III. Parasitic Nanorobots 1. Self-replicating nanorobots may consume raw materials without concern 2. Guidelines are established to prevent “free-foraging self- replicating pseudo-organisms on the Earth's surface” Foresight Guidelines for Responsible Nanotechnology Development - http://www.foresight.org/guidelines/current.html

  10. Future The ability to construct literally anything that the laws of physics permit to exist, with absolute precision II. Restrictions 1. Costs 2. Developments/Application 3. Control of arbitrary, chemical reactions, microorganisms Dangers 1. Weapons 2. Virus and bacteria MOLECULAR MANUFACTURING: http://www.thenanoage.com/molecular-manufacturing.htm#assembler

  11. Conclusions Molecular nanotechnology has a very high potential future and widespread applications. Although potentially useful, it can also be potentially dangerous. It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity. - Albert Einstein Molecular Nanotechnology Michael Trinh

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