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Beam Energy Scan at RHIC

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Beam Energy Scan at RHIC

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  1. Energy Dependence of the High Moments from Transport Model SimulationsXiaofeng Luo(1), Bedanga Mohanty(2), and Nu Xu(1,3)(1) College of Physical Science & Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China (2) School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, 751005, India(3) Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA

  2. Beam Energy Scan at RHIC Study QCD Phase Structure - Signals of phase boundary - Signals for critical point Observations: (1) Azimuthally HBT 1st order phase transition (2) Directed flow v1 1st order phase transition (3) Dynamical correlations partonic vs. hadronic dof (4) v2 - NCQ scaling partonic vs. hadronic dof (5) Fluctuations Critical point, correl. length - http://drupal.star.bnl.gov/STAR/starnotes /public/sn0493 - arXiv:1007.2613

  3. Exploring the QCD Phase Structure TERHIC, SPS, FAIR 2 Tini, TC LHC, RHIC Phase boundary RHIC,FAIR, NICA 3 1 1 2 3 Hadronic Matter Partonic Matter

  4. Previous Summary sQGP formed at RHIC/LHC: - Collectivity: NCQ scaling in v2, … - Jet-quenching, Quarkonia, direct photon, … 2) BES-I Program: - Partonic QGP dominant: √sNN >39 GeV Hadronic interactions become dominant: √sNN ≤11.5 GeV What is the structure of QCD phase diagram? - phase boundary? - QCD critical point?

  5. Susceptibilities and Moments Thermodynamic function: The susceptibility: Conserved Quantum Number Thermodynamic function  Susceptibility  Moments Model calculations, e.g. LGT, HRG  Measurements

  6. Higher Moment: Net-charge STAR: D. McDonald, QM2012 STAR Preliminary Preliminary net-charge results: efficiency, decay, … effects under study Higher statistics data needed below 20 GeV - HRG Model: K. Redlich et al, private communications

  7. Net-proton Higher Moments STAR: X.F. Luo, QM2012 STAR net-proton results: All data show deviations below Poisson beyond statistical and systematic errors in the 0-5% most central collisions for κσ2 and Sσ at all energies. UrQMD model show monotonic behavior Higher statistics needed for collisions at √sNN< 20 GeV STAR Preliminary

  8. Open Issues Transport Model: 1) AMPT: http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0411110 - partonic mode - hadronic mode 2) UrQMD: http://urqmd.org/ - hadronic mode - Obey most conservation laws - Most hadronic observables are consistent with data - No phase transition, nor critical point in the model calculations • Effects of conservations, in this case, the baryon conservation. • Effects of the resonance decays • Effects of the kinematic cuts • Net-proton vs. net-Baryon • Effect of PID • …

  9. URQMD Net-proton Net-baryon Simulations are done with the same experimental cuts For κ*σ2net-p and net-B behavior similarly: a) peripheral centrality bins, values are above unity b) at most central collisions, the value below at lower beam energy

  10. AMPT (string melt) Net-proton Net-baryon Simulations are done with the same experimental cuts For κ*σ2net-p and net-B behavior similarly: a) peripheral centrality bins, values are above unity b) at most central collisions, the value below at lower beam energy

  11. Summary and Outlook Transport model results for net-proton are consistent with experimental observations In these simulations, no significant difference between net-p and net-B At lower beam energies, baryon conservation pushes the value of κ*σ2 below unity Outlook: RHIC BES-II is needed in order to collect sufficient data for collisions at √sNN< 20 GeV RHIC provides unique opportunities for exploring matter with QCD degrees of freedom!

  12. Exploring the QCD Phase Structure TERHIC, SPS, FAIR 2 Tini, TC LHC, RHIC Phase boundary RHIC,FAIR, NICA 3 1 BES-II Map the QCD Phase Structure HI collisions at √sNN ≤ 20 GeV 1 2 3 Hadronic Matter Partonic Matter • RHIC Top Energy • Study QGP Properties • heavy flavor hadrons • di-leptons • Jets

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