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Explore black hole mass measurements with Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES) AGN. Study AGN structure, supermassive black holes, accretion disk, and emission regions. Use reverberation mapping to calculate BLR radius and cloud velocity. Investigate Radius-Luminosity relationships and black hole evolution to high redshifts. OzDES observations target 771 AGN up to z=4, with recovery of initial lags from CIV line, including one at z=2.593. Future data could provide over 200 new lag measurements. Exciting prospects for understanding black hole and galaxy evolution.
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Black Hole Mass Measurements with the Australian Dark Energy Survey (OzDES) Janie K. Hoormann University of Queensland 23 April 2019
Active Galactic Nuclei • Compact central region of active galaxies • AGN Structure • Supermassive black hole • ~105-109 Msun • Accretion Disk • Light days • Broad Line Region (BLR) clouds • Light weeks/months • Narrow Line Region clouds and Dusty Torus • Light years Credit: Urry and Padovani 1995
Δt R ~ cΔt Disk Emission Cloud Emission R Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Disk Emission Cloud Emission Time Time
Δt R ~ cΔt Disk Emission Cloud Emission R Time Time Sample light curves from bitbucket.org/nye17/javelin
Reverberation Mapping • Calculate BLR radius using time delay between direct emission and ionized emission from BLR • Use the width of the emission line to determine the velocity of the clouds • Assuming black hole and clouds are in virial equilibrium
The Big RM Questions • Do the extrapolated Radius-Luminosity relationships really hold out to high redshifts? • Secondary black hole mass measurements • AGN as standard candles • If we have black hole mass measurements out to high redshifts what can this tell us about black hole and galaxy evolution? Credit: Bentz et al. 2013 ApJ 767:149 Figure 11
RM with OzDES • Targeting 771 AGN in the 10 DES-SN fields • 0 < z < 4.5 • Weekly observations with DES • Photometry taken with DECam on the 4m Blanco Telescope in Chile • Model the continuum emission from the disk • Monthly observations with OzDES • Spectroscopy using 2dF AAOmega on the AAT at Siding Springs • Model the response of the BLR • Hβ , MgII, CIV emission lines
DES J0033-42 z = 2.593 C Hoormann et al 2019, submitted to MNRAS, arXiv:1902.04206
M = (3.3 ± 1.2) x 109Mʘ DES J0033-42 Observed Lag = days Rest Frame Lag = days z = 2.593 343 days ~350 days C Hoormann et al 2019, submitted to MNRAS, arXiv:1902.04206
DES J0238-04 z = 1.905 Hoormann et al 2019, submitted to MNRAS, arXiv:1902.04206
DES J0238-04 M = (4.4 ± 2.0) x 109Mʘ Rest Frame Lag = days Observed Lag = days z = 1.905 358 days ~350 days Hoormann et al 2019, submitted to MNRAS, arXiv:1902.04206
46 secure, 151 probable new lags measurements with Year 5 data!!!!
Summary • OzDES is targeting 771 AGN out to z=4 • Recovered first 2 lags using the CIV line • Including one at z = 2.593! • Preliminary look at year 5 data shows we should be able to recover almost 200 more! • And there is still data from year 6 to analyse!