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Safety Basics

Learn about the importance of farm safety, the risks involved, and how to reduce those risks. Discover injury and fatality facts, age-appropriate tasks, safety measures for severe weather, personal protective equipment, hazard signs, and more.

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Safety Basics

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  1. Set 2 Safety Basics Marissa Morton SAAIP Top Jobs Intern

  2. Fatality Facts • More than 100 youth younger than age 20 are killed each year in farm work related incidents • Between 1982 and 1996, there were 2,174 farm deaths among youth younger than 20 • 1/3 of the fatalities involved machinery • Males age 20 and younger accounted for 85% of the fatalities

  3. Injury Facts • 32,000 youth injuries occurred in 1998 on farms (44% were work related) • A rate of 1.2—1.4 injuries/100 youth was reported nationwide • Falls, animals, and off road vehicle use were three sources of injury • Hand, head, and leg injuries are most common • Livestock and dairy farms are top of the list, followed by crop farms

  4. What is Risk? • Risk: “the chance you take of becoming injured by a hazard” • Risk measurements are in terms of probability (odds and/or chances)

  5. Reduce Risk • Recognize your traits that increase risk • Recognize when more training is necessary to complete a job • Remove as many hazards from the workplace as possible • Use safe technology correctly

  6. “The time it takes for a person to react to an event or an emergency Factors affecting reaction time: Experience Age Fitness Fatigue Illness Pre-occupation Distraction Mood Weather Drugs/Medication Alcohol and Tobacco Machine Vibrations Poor Vision Poor Hearing Reaction Time

  7. Age 12-13 Hand raking/digging Limited power tool use with supervision Operating lawn mower or garden tractor Handling/assisting with animals Other low-risk tasks Age 14-15 Equipment Maintenance Manual feeding of livestock Operating non-articulated tractors for fieldwork Raking Hay Operating a pressure washer Age Appropriate Tasks

  8. Age 16-18 Ordinary use of tractors, self propelled machinery, augers, elevators, and other equipment Pulling oversize loads, simultaneous use of multiple vehicles, and applying chemicals (with proper training) Age Appropriate Tasks http://www.agdepartment.com/Images/LivestockPollution/tractor.jpg

  9. Severe Weather • Areas of risk include: • High Temperatures (heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke) • High Humidity (thunderstorms, lightning, tornadoes) • Winter Weather (Frostbite, Hypothermia, Loss of Traction)

  10. Heat and Cold Protection • Proper attire should be worn in heat and cold conditions • Heat: Sunscreen, wide brim hat, bandana, long sleeve shirt, long trousers • Cold: First layer T-shirt, second layer work shirt, third layer sweater, fourth layer jacket

  11. Check weather forecast Observe threatening clouds Seek low spots in open fields for shelter Use closed buildings for shelter if possible Tractors with cabs and vehicles can be used for shelter Remain alert to storms if tornado “watch” is issued Do not try to outrun a tornado Seek a low ditch, face down for tornado shelter Go to basements or inner rooms of buildings for shelter Lightning, Tornadoes, and Rain

  12. Lightning, Tornadoes, and Rain • Rain makes fields slippery! Be careful—tractor steps may be muddy and wet fields reduce traction • Flash flooding can occur • Accidents during storms occur when workers hurry to get the job done quickly http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/icm/2004/3-22-2004/palle-seedinoculation.jpg

  13. Housekeeping • Aisles and pathways should be wide enough and high enough for safe movement • There should be adequate lighting and ventilation • Slip resistant floors are a good idea • Pits and floor openings should be covered • Sharp edges should be eliminated • Exits need to be clearly defined • Sink and toilet facilities should be clean and sanitary

  14. Personal Dress • Wear snug-fitting clothes • Leave jewelry at home • Wear hard shoes with slip-resistant treads…no sandals! • Tie shoes tight • Tie long hair back • Wear long pants at the correct length • Careful of dangling sleeves, pantlegs, etc.

  15. Hazard Signs, Hand Signals • Be Aware of what hazard signs are out there and what they mean • Memorize proper hand signals http://www.cityofames.org/worksweb/Images/Photos/bksigns6.gif

  16. Personal Protective Equipment • Eye—goggles, face shield • Respiratory—dust/cartridge mask) • Head—caps, hard hats • Hearing—ear plugs, acoustic muff • Foot—steel toe shoe • Hand—Gloves

  17. First Aid and Rescue • Along with safe equipment, a safe work site should have: • A person trained in CPR • First Aid kit and supplies • Emergency plan (with phone numbers) • Location or site map for emergency responders

  18. First Aid Equipment • Roller Bandages • Adhesive Tape • Sterile First-Aid Dressings and Compresses (various sizes) • Disinfectant Soap or Wound Cleaner • Tweezers • Scissors • Latex Gloves • Directions for Requesting Emergency Assistance

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