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Exploring the Planets and Solar System

Learn about the inner and outer planets, planetary satellites, and solar system debris. Discover the composition, unique features, and potential for life on each planet.

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Exploring the Planets and Solar System

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  1. Chapter 27: The Planets and the Solar System • 27.1: The Inner Planets • 27.2:The Outer Planets • 27.3: Planetary Satellites • 27.4: Solar System Debris

  2. 27-1 The Inner Planets • Two Planetary Neighborhoods • What is at the center of our solar system? • What are the Terrestrial Planets composed of? The Sun Rock • 3. What are the Jovian Planets made-up of? Gas

  3. 27-1 The Inner Planets B. Mercury • Nearest the sun • Fastest revolution (88 days) • Rotates every 59 days • What did Mariner 10 do? 5. Surface temperatures vary from 400ºC to –200ºC. Took photographs of the surface

  4. 27-1 The Inner Planets • Venus • Earth’s sister planet • Rotates from east to west every 243 days • Orbits the sun every 225 days. What does this mean? • 80% is covered with lava and the atmosphere is mostly sulfuric acid. • Surface temperature is 475ºC. Why is it so hot? The Day is longer than the Year Greenhouse Effect

  5. 27-1 The Inner Planets • Mars • 687 days to orbit the sun. • What is its atmosphere made of? • It has four seasons. • It has polar ice caps. • What is the name of the largest volcano in the solar system? • Is there life on Mars? 95% C02 & 5% N & Ar Olympus Mons Maybe?

  6. 27-2 The Outer Planets • The Jovian Planets • What invention led to the discovery of these planets? • What are Jovian planets composed of? • The temperature and density increases with depth. • How do rings form? The Telescope Gas Gravitational pull on free gas and dust particles

  7. 27-2 The Outer Planets B. Jupiter • 11.9 years to orbit the sun • Rotates every 10 hours • Largest planet in the solar system • It has a red eye

  8. 27-2 The Outer Planets • Saturn • 30 years to complete one orbit • Rotates every 10 hours • Lowest density of any planet • Radiates more energy than it receives

  9. 27-2 The Outer Planets D. Uranus • 84 years to complete one orbit • Average temperature is –200ºC • Rotates every 17 hours

  10. 27-2 The Outer Planets • Neptune, Pluto, and Charon • 165 years to complete one orbit • Rotates every 16.1 hours • Winds up to 2000km/hr • Average temperature is –225ºC • Neptune and Pluto switch orbits every 248 years • Pluto is the ____ Planet. Or is it even a planet? • Who is Charon? Moon of Pluto

  11. 27-3 Planetary Satellites • Satellites of Earth and Mars • Bodies that revolve around planets are called satellites or moons. • Who are Phobos and Deimos? • How many moons do we have? The moons of Mars One

  12. 27-3 Planetary Satellites Io B. Jupiter’s Moons • Has at least 28 moons • Which one is geologically active? • Which one has water? • Which one is the largest in the Solar System? • Which one is the most heavily cratered in the Solar System? Europa Ganymede Callisto

  13. 27-3 Planetary Satellites • Saturn’s Moons • Has at least 24 moons • Which one is the largest? 3. Titan is the only moon with a substantial atmosphere. • The moons of Uranus and Neptune • Uranus has 21. • Neptune has 8. • Triton has Ice volcanoes • Miranda has been shattered as many as five times. Titan

  14. 27-4 Solar System Debris • Comets and TNOs • Collisions create craters. • Comets-Dirty snowballs made of dust particles trapped in a mixture of water, carbon dioxide, methane and ammonia. • What are TNOs? Where are they found? • What creates the tail? Trans Neptunian Objects The Oort Cloud Solar Wind

  15. 27-4 Solar System Debris B. Asteroids • Asteroids -Solid, rocklike masses. • How big are they? • Where do we find asteroids? • What happens if they hit earth? Most are less than 1km long In the Asteroid Belt between Mars and Jupiter

  16. 27-4 Solar System Debris • Meteors, Meteoroids and Meteorites 1. Meteoroid - Rock or icy fragment traveling in space. Smaller than an asteroid. 2. Meteor - Shooting star, created when a meteoroid enters the atmosphere and begins to burn up.

  17. 27-4 Solar System Debris 3. Meteor Shower - occurs when Earth passes through the tail of a comet, and particles from the tail plunge through the atmosphere. 4. Meteorite - part of a meteoroid that strikes the Earth.

  18. 27-4 Solar System Debris • What are the three main types? • .. • Which is the most abundant source? • Why is Antarctica a good place to find meteorites? Stony 94% Iron 5% Stony/Iron 1% Antarctica It is white and there is little weathering

  19. 27-4 Solar System Debris • Impact Craters… • …are bowl-shaped depressions left after a meteor strikes the Earth. • Why are there more craters on the moon than on the Earth? It doesn’t have an atmosphere, weather or Plate Tectonics.

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