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The Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law. Objectives: 7.0 Explain the behavior of ideal gases in terms of pressure, volume, temperature, and number of particles using Charles's law, Boyle's law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, and the ideal gas law.

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The Ideal Gas Law

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  1. The Ideal Gas Law Objectives: 7.0 Explain the behavior of ideal gases in terms of pressure, volume, temperature, and number of particles using Charles's law, Boyle's law, Gay-Lussac's law, the combined gas law, and the ideal gas law. 6.0 Solve stoichiometric problems involving relationships among the number of particles, moles, and masses of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

  2. Intro • What will happen to the pressure in a tire as air is added, if the volume and temperature of the tire do not change? • So the amount of gas (moles) and the pressure both change. • Remember: Combined Gas Law: P1V1= P2V2 T1 T2

  3. Ideal Gas Law • Since the ratio remains the same, then we can say it is constant. We call the constant k. • k is aconstant based on the amount of gas (n) present, where k = nR. (R is an experimentally determined constant, called the ideal gas constant, and equal to 0.0821 L-atm/mol-K. • Ideal gas law equation: PV=nRT

  4. What is an Ideal Gas? • A gas that follows all the gas laws • When do gases not follow the gas laws?: • Gases tend not to behave “ideally” under very high pressures and low temperatures, as there is more inter-particular interactions. • Also, polar particles (like water vapor) are more attracted to each other because of their partial charges. • Large particles interact more.

  5. Applying the Ideal Gas Law • PV=nRT: • What is n? • How can n be used to find the mass of a gas present? • From stoichiometry, what else can be determined from n? How?????? • Substitutions in the ideal gas equation: • n = mass (m)/molar mass (M) • Rearrange the formula to solve for M. • Density (D) = ?????

  6. Examples & Assignment • Examples: p.437 (41, 45) and p.438 (46, 50) • Other Practice Problems can be used to practice and make sure you know how to solve problems. • Assignment: • Section Assessment: p. 439 (53, 55) • 449: 97-100

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