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The Progressive Movement (1890-1914): Reforms, Causes, and Leaders

This article explores the economic, political, and social reforms of the Progressive Period in U.S. history. Topics include the causes of progressivism, the Progressive Party platform, significant events like the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, influential figures such as Robert LaFollette and W.E.B. DuBois, and the emergence of new marketing techniques like advertising and consumerism.

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The Progressive Movement (1890-1914): Reforms, Causes, and Leaders

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  1. U.S. History Top 100 What every student should know to pass the U.S. History EOC Goal 7

  2. Goal 7: The Progressive Movement (1890-1914) • The learner will analyze the economic, political, and social reforms of the Progressive Period.

  3. Causes of Progressivism • Ineffectiveness of government • Poor working conditions • Emergence of Social Gospel • Unequal distribution of wealth • Immigration • Urban poor • Corruption

  4. Progressive Party Platform • The platform called for women's suffrage, recall of judicial decisions, easier amendment of the U.S. Constitution, social welfare legislation for women and children, workers' compensation, limited injunctions in strikes, farm relief, revision of banking to assure an elastic currency.

  5. Triangle Shirtwaist Fire, 1911 • A fire in New York's Triangle Shirtwaist Company killed 146 people, mostly women. The doors were locked and the windows were too high for them to get to the ground. Highlighted the poor working conditions and led to federal regulations to protect workers.

  6. Muckrakers • Journalists who searched for and publicized real or alleged acts of corruption of public officials, businessmen.

  7. Robert LaFollette • Political leader who believed in libertarian reforms, he was a major leader of the Progressive movement from Wisconsin.

  8. Federal Reserve Act, 1913 • Regulated banking to help small banks stay in business. A move away from laissez-faire policies, it was passed by Wilson.

  9. Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896 • The Supreme Court ruled against Plessy, saying that segregated facilities for whites and blacks were legal as long as the facilities were of equal quality.

  10. Disenfranchisement • The Mississippi supreme court ruled that poll taxes and literacy tests, which took away blacks' right to vote (a practice known as "disenfranchisement"), were legal.

  11. Booker T. Washington • Washington believed that African Americans had to achieve economic independence before civil rights. In 1881, he founded the first formal school for blacks, the Tuskegee Institute.

  12. W.E.B. DuBois • DuBois believed that black Americans had to demand their social and civil rights or else become permanent victims of racism. Helped found the NAACP. He disagreed with Booker T. Washington's theories.

  13. New Marketing Techniques • Advertising • Mail order catalogs • Consumerism

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