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Manifest Destiny: The Texas Revolution and the Mexican War

Explore the effects of territorial expansion and state admission from 1801 to 1850, including the Texas Revolution, the Oregon Trail, and the Mexican War. Learn about key figures like Sam Houston and examine the issue of slavery in the context of expansionist policies.

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Manifest Destiny: The Texas Revolution and the Mexican War

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  1. U.S. History Texas – Manifest Destiny – Mexican War

  2. Objective 2.01 • Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union 1801 – 1850.

  3. Manifest Destiny • Belief that God wanted American to expand West…and beyond • John O’Sullivan - 1845 • Led to Mexican War

  4. Oregon Trail • From Independence, MO to Portland, OR – carried thousands of immigrants west

  5. Texas • Revolution in 1836 – fights war for independence with Mexico • Back to 1820s, American settlers began to settle Texas • Tejanos and Americans clashed • Slavery • Import duties

  6. Texas Revolution • Santa Ana • Mexico

  7. Sam Houston/ Stephen Austin

  8. Stephen Austin • Established one of the first colonies of American settlers in Texas

  9. The Alamo

  10. Goliad • Texans attack Mexican troops at Presidio La Bahia • Flag of the Texas Rebels

  11. “Remember the Alamo” • Alamo inspires many to join the fight

  12. Expansion becomes a nat’l issue • Many Americans want to expand • Especially Southerners • Texas wants to be part of the Union

  13. Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) • Settled boundary dispute in Maine (w/ Great Britain) • US monitored slave trade (restricted) • Settled troublesome issues through diplomacy

  14. Why is Texas a hot topic? • Slavery – southerners wanted expansion • Northerners did not want expansion

  15. Election of 1844 • James K. Polk – Democrat – Expansionist • James G. Birney – Liberty – Abolitionists • Henry Clay – Whig – endorsed annexation

  16. James K. Polk • Wins a landslide electoral victory – close popular election

  17. “54 40 or Fight!” • Polk wanted to annex Oregon

  18. Texas Annexation • Congress and Tyler see Polk’s election as a mandate for the annexation of Texas

  19. Problems with Mexico • Slidell’s rejection • John Slidell sent by Polk to talk to Mexican gov’t. • Wants to offer to buy New Mexico and California • Mexican gov’t. refuses to talk to him • Ready for war

  20. Taylor’s troops • Polk ordered Gen. Zachary Taylor (“Old Rough and Ready”) to the Rio Grand R. in 1845

  21. Disputed Land • 100 miles of disputed territory between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande River

  22. WAR! • Taylor’s troops ambushed by Mexican troops • Polk – “American blood shed upon American soil”

  23. A. Lincoln – “Spot Resolutions” • Congress declares war

  24. U.S. mobilization • U.S. mobilizes speedily • 50,000 volunteers

  25. Mexican War • U.S. won several victories • Winfield Scott – “Old Fuss and Feathers”

  26. Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo • Ended Mexican War • U.S. gained Mexican Cession, ~ ½ of Mexico’s territory, and much of present-day Southwestern U.S.

  27. Wilmot Proviso • If passed would have guaranteed that slavery would not extend to any part of Mexican Cession • defeated

  28. U.S. settlers move to California • Gold discovered at Sutter’s Mill • Gold rush brings diversity to CA. • Many settlers rush to CA in 1849 (49ers)

  29. Gadsden Purchase • Small Southwestern strip of land purchased by US from Mexico in 1853 for $10 million with the intent of building a southern transcontinental railroad • Completes the lower 48 states

  30. Expansion brings slavery to the front again • Expansion of the country brings division • Will slavery expand into the territories?

  31. American Progress, John Gast1872

  32. "The Progress of America" by Domenico Tojetti  1875

  33. "Westward the Course of Empire Takes its Way (Westward Ho!)" by Emanuel Leutze  1861

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