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CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 1. GEOGRAPHY AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY. What is THE TASK of the HUMAN GeographER ?. Spatial Analysis. What is it? Analyze features of the Earth ’ s surface. Where/Why there/Why Care? Look for distribution and pattern 2 MAJOR DIVISIONS OF GEOGRAPHY STUDY?

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CHAPTER 1

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  1. CHAPTER 1 GEOGRAPHY AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

  2. What is THE TASK of the HUMAN GeographER? • Spatial Analysis. What is it? • Analyze features of the Earth’s surface. Where/Why there/Why Care? • Look for distribution and pattern • 2 MAJOR DIVISIONS OF GEOGRAPHY STUDY? • Physical Geography (Natural) • Human Geography (Cultural)

  3. 5 Themes of Geography • 1. LOCATION

  4. 2. HUMAN / ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

  5. 3. REGION

  6. 1. Which of the following is true concerning regions? • a) they are figments of the imagination • b) they are conceptual units • c) they all have well defined boundaries • d) they are strict functional units • e) they are usually defined by a standard mathematical formula

  7. 4. PLACE

  8. 5. MOVEMENT

  9. What’s missing • When National Geographic society created the 5 themes they did not include….. Landscape

  10. Main Tool of the Geographer? • MAP! • Map Making • History: Original study of map making… Cartography • Today: we use remote sensing geographic information systems… use aircraft, photography, satellites, environmental changes. • What is the challenge? • (Hint: Curves)

  11. Main Tool of the Geographer? • MAP • Maps demonstrate vital Geo. Rule: • No two places are exactly alike

  12. Things to consider with Maps • Maps are created for different purposes • Maps have a focus • Maps tell a story • Maps are timely / ever changing

  13. “Unique” spin on maps MENTAL (Cognitive) MAP • Who knows what the State of IL looks like??? DRAW IT!!!!!

  14. 2. Which of the following is false regarding cognitive (mental) maps? • They vary between people of different social and educational backgrounds • They enable people to navigate through space • No two cognitive (mental) maps look the same • They accurately reflect mapped hazards • They guide spatial behavior 3. A cognitive (mental) map tells us • which projection to use • what someone believes and thinks is important about a place • the absolute location of features in the landscape • everything that someone knows about the place they live • the precise location of the most important landmarks

  15. Location in Maps: 2 ideas • Location is essential to understanding maps… WHY? • How do we break down LOCATION?

  16. Absolute Location (Site) Vs. Relative Location (Situation)

  17. REGIONS • Why is “space” organized into REGIONS??? • Organization • To group phenomena • Distinguish between regions

  18. Regions Based on…??? • Physical > Mtn. Range, Land type • Cultural > language, religion • Imagination > In our minds • All regions have AREA & BOUNDARIES

  19. 3 Region Classifications • FORMAL / UNIFORM Based on similarity or uniform characteristics throughout region • TIBET • Plateau • Buddhism

  20. REGION Classifications conT’d 2. FUNCTIONAL / NODAL Product of interactions or movement of some kind • Social / Econ. Relationship ties it together • City & Suburbs • Commuting • Living v. Working

  21. REGION Classifications conT’d • 3. PERCEPTUAL / VERNACULARExists in the minds of people • “DEEP South” • “Dixie” • “Gold Coast” • “Bible Belt”

  22. 4. Perceptual regionsreflect • personal or popular impressions of territory and spatial divisions • are perceived through the application of defined spatial criteria • have boundaries of clearly visible, self-evident physical or cultural change • have meaning only in physical geography, which deals with perceivable objects 5. A perceptual region’s boundaries are • determined by a set of uniform physical or cultural characteristics • drawn around the functions that occur between a particular place and the • surrounding area • fuzzy because they allow for individual interpretation • designated by the inclusion of a particular cultural characteristic

  23. 6. All of the following are formal regions except: • a city and its surrounding region • a region where nearly everyone spoke French • a region where farming practices were the same • a region of similar climate 7. Perceptual culture regions are: • sharply defined boundaries • different in exact definition from person to person • defined by using at least three criteria • found only on islands

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