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Research Topic 3 Biomass Conversion

Research Topic 3 Biomass Conversion. Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass in the absence of oxygen or in amounts of oxygen significantly less than required for complete combustion Gasification is the chemical reaction of biomass to syngas with careful control of the amount of oxygen.

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Research Topic 3 Biomass Conversion

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  1. Research Topic 3Biomass Conversion • Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of biomass in the absence of oxygen or in amounts of oxygen significantly less than required for complete combustion • Gasification is the chemical reaction of biomass to syngas with careful control of the amount of oxygen

  2. Applications and New ConceptsBioethanol Reforming C2H5OH + 3H2O 6 H2 + 2 CO2 Ho298 = 173.5 kJ/mol • Exploits advances in bioethanol production • Allows CO2-neutral production of hydrogen

  3. Pyrolysis Products Gases (10-20%)(Mainly CO, CO2, CH4, H2, H2O) Tar (Bio-oil) (60-75%)(High molecular weight liquids,volatile at reaction temperature) Solid Biomass Char (10-20%)(Solid carbonaceous residue)

  4. Reaction Scheme Gas + Bio-oil 425-600 oC Char Gas Rapid heating (1000 K s-1) Bio-oil Rapid cooling Char Biomass Heat transfer by conduction,convection and radiation Primary degradation to form char and gases PhysicalProcesses Pressure gradientsinside the degrading solid ChemicalProcesses Secondary reactions,polymerization, cracking Surface regression,crack formation,swelling, shrinkage

  5. Conventional Pyrolysis 3 Ceramic candle filter 4 Biomass feeder 2 Cyclone 7 Volumetric gas-meter 6 Blower 1 Fluidized-bed gasifier 5 Water and tar condensation system

  6. Catalytic Processing of Pyrolysis Oil Hydrodeoxygenation(Conventional CoMoS/Al2O3, NiMoS/Al2O3) (New: Ni2P, WP, VN, Mo2C) Hydrocracking(USY, SiO2-Al2O3, ZSM-5, Pt/Al2O3, ) Reforming(Ni/Al2O3, Rh/Al2O3, Ni2P, Mo2C) Other possibilitiesWide-pore zeolites, mesoporous solids

  7. Project Concepts • New reactor design for combined pyrolysis/catalysis • Recycle of gases for fluidization and reaction

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