Bloodborne Pathogens - General

1. Bloodborne Pathogens -General

2. Epidemiology & symptoms of bloodborne diseases • Bloodborne pathogens • Microorganisms present in human blood that cause disease • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1a

3. Epidemiology & symptoms of bloodborne diseases • Bloodborne pathogens • Exposure incident • Contact with blood or other potentially infectious material • Eyes • Mouth • Mucous membrane • Non-intact skin • Parenteral - piercing of skin or mucous membranes 1b

4. Epidemiology & symptoms of bloodborne diseases • Bloodborne pathogens • Occupational exposure - results from doing one’s job • Potentially infectious materials • Blood • Urine, vomit, or other body fluids • Especially when blood is present 1c

5. Contracting a disease • Workplace situations • Non-work related situations 2

6. Exposure control plan • Required whenever workers are exposed to blood/potentially infectious materials on the job • Identification of job classifications or tasks where exposure exists 3a

7. Exposure control plan • How and when provisions of the standard are implemented • Schedules and methods of communication to employees • Hepatitis B vaccination • Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up • Record keeping 3b

8. Exposure control plan • How and when provisions of the standard are implemented • Engineering and work practice controls • Personal protective equipment • Housekeeping • Procedures for evaluating an exposure incident 3c

9. Recognize potential exposures • First aid situations - follow universal precautions • Other workplace situations 4

10. Engineering controls • Preferred means of controlling exposure • Eliminate hazards at the source 5a

11. Engineering controls • Minimizes the potential for exposure • Regularly checked and maintained to remain effective 5b

12. Handwashing facilities • Locations • Portable facilities 6a

13. Handwashing facilities • Procedures • Wash hands after removing gloves • Wash hands after contact with blood or potentially infectious fluids • Use antiseptic cleansers if sinks are unavailable, then wash as soon as possible 6b

14. Handwashing facilities • Prohibitions for areas of potential exposure • Eating • Drinking • Applying cosmetics or lip balm • Handling contact lenses 6c

15. Work practices • Alter the manner in which a task is performed • Reduce the likelihood of exposure • Always practice universal precautions 7

16. General safe work practices • Minimize the risk of occupational exposure • Special cleanup procedures to be followed after an incident 8a

17. General safe work practices • Hazards • Broken glass • Hypodermic needles • Towels containing contaminated fluids 8b

18. Personal protective equipment • Best defense against unexpected hazards • Must be clean and in good repair 9a

19. Personal protective equipment • Use when potential exists for employee exposure to infectious matter • Proper selection of PPE is based on hazard assessment 9b

20. Personal protective equipment • PPE must prevent infectious matter from passing through to: • Street clothes • Eyes • Skin • Mouth • Hypoallergenic or powderless gloves must be made available 9c

21. Personal protective equipment • Limitations of PPE, and consequences of non-use • Single-use gloves must be replaced if contaminated, torn, punctured • Never reuse single-use gloves • PPE handling, decontamination, and disposal 9d

22. Hepatitis B vaccine • Available free of charge: • for employees who have risk of occupational exposure • after an employee has experienced occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials 10a

23. Hepatitis B vaccine • Pre-screening cannot be done as a condition of receiving the vaccine • Employees refusing the vaccine must sign a declination form 10b

24. Hepatitis B vaccine • Vaccine can still be provided at a future time if employee so chooses 10c

25. Exposure incident response • Report the incident • First aid equipment • First responders 11a

26. Exposure incident response • Study potential exposure incidents involving: • eyes • mouth • mucous membranes • non-intact skin • parenteral contact 11b

27. Exposure incident response • Arrange for immediate, confidential medical evaluation, which: • documents how the exposure occurred • identifies and tests the source individual, if possible • tests the exposed employee’s blood, if consent is obtained 11c

28. Exposure incident response • Arrange for immediate, confidential medical evaluation, which: • provides counseling • evaluates any reported illness 11d

29. Exposure incident response • Company must provide the medical professional with relevant data to complete the employee’s evaluation 11e

30. Exposure incident follow-up • Medical and post-exposure evaluation procedures 12

31. Signs and labels to warn of biohazards • Biohazard symbol must: • be printed in fluorescent orange or orange-red • have lettering of a contrasting color • Red bags or containers may be used as a substitute for labels 13

32. Medical records • Must be made available to employees upon request, and should include: • name and social security number • Hepatitis B vaccination status • results of exams, testing, and follow-up procedures 14a

33. Medical records • Must be made available to employees upon request, and should include: • copy of healthcare professional’s opinion • copy of information provided to healthcare professional 14b

34. Medical records • All records are confidential • Records cannot be released without employee’s written consent, or if required by law • Must be maintained for the period of employment plus 30 years 14c

35. Summary of bloodborne pathogens standard • Written exposure control plan • Training • Engineering controls and work practices 15a

36. Summary of bloodborne pathogens standard • Personal protective equipment • Hepatitis B vaccinations • Exposure incident response 15b