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ERRORS AND BIASES IN ATTRIBUTION

ERRORS AND BIASES IN ATTRIBUTION. Would you say you are good at school ? Why are you good / why not ? Have you ever failed at school ? Why was that ? Do you know someone who has never failed at school ? How is it possible ?. The fundamental attribution error (FAE).

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ERRORS AND BIASES IN ATTRIBUTION

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  1. ERRORS AND BIASES IN ATTRIBUTION

  2. Wouldyousayyouaregood at school? Whyareyougood/whynot? • Haveyoueverfailed at school? Whywasthat? • Doyouknowsomeonewhohasneverfailed at school? How is itpossible?

  3. The fundamentalattributionerror (FAE) • Wearemorelikely to makedispositionalattributions (Ross 1977) • Studiessupporting: • Ross et al.1977 (p.187 A-Level) • Bierbrauer 1979 (p.187)

  4. Once a dispositionalattribution is doneit is quitedifficult to change • FAE related to culture? • Seealso the studyby Lee et al.1977 (CC p.105)

  5. 2) Actor-observereffect (AOE): • Tendency to emphasize the situationalfactorswhenexplainingownbehaviour • Storms 1973 (p.188)

  6. 3) Self-servingbias • Ownsuccessdispositionalattribution = self-enhancingbias • Ownfailuresituationalattribution = self-protectingbias • Johnson et al. 1964 (p.189) • Reasons for SSB: • Greenberg et al. 1982: protection of ourself-esteem • Miller and Ross 1975: The effect of cognitivefactors, ourexpectations • Canalsowork at the grouplevel • Lau and Russel 1980: study of American footballcoaches and players (CC p.105) • Genderdifference?

  7. Culturaldifferences (CC p.106) • Kashima and Triandis 1986 • Chandler et al.1990 • Watkins and Regmi 1990  Modestybias– reasons for that? • Depressedpeopleare an exception • Abramson et al. 1978 • Self-handicapping • Berglas and Jones 1978: study of alcoholics

  8. Syllabus: THE LEARNING OUTCOME RELATED TO ATTRIBUTION ERRORS • Discusstwoerrors in attributions • Discuss = Offer a considered and balancedreviewthatincludes a range of arguments, factorsorhypotheses. Opinionsorconclusionsshouldbepresentedclearly and supportedbyappropriateevidence.

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